[apps/madmutt.git] / doc / manual.txt

                                  T\bTh\bhe\be M\bMu\but\btt\bt-\b-n\bng\bg E\bE-\b-M\bMa\bai\bil\bl C\bCl\bli\bie\ben\bnt\bt

                        by Michael Elkins <me@cs.hmc.edu> and others.

                                        version 1.5.9

                                          A\bAb\bbs\bst\btr\bra\bac\bct\bt

            ``All mail clients suck.  This one just sucks less.'' -me, circa 1995

       _\b1_\b.  _\bI_\bn_\bt_\br_\bo_\bd_\bu_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn

       M\bMu\but\btt\bt-\b-n\bng\bg is a small but very powerful text-based MIME mail client.  Mutt-ng is
       highly configurable, and is well suited to the mail power user with advanced
       features like key bindings, keyboard macros, mail threading, regular expression
       searches and a powerful pattern matching language for selecting groups of mes-
       sages.

       This documentation additionally contains documentation to M\bMu\but\btt\bt-\b-N\bNG\bG, a fork from
       Mutt with the goal to fix all the little annoyances of Mutt, to integrate all
       the Mutt patches that are floating around in the web, and to add other new fea-
       tures. Features specific to Mutt-ng will be discussed in an extra section.
       Don't be confused when most of the documentation talk about Mutt and not Mutt-
       ng, Mutt-ng contains all Mutt features, plus many more.

       _\b1_\b._\b1  _\bM_\bu_\bt_\bt_\b-_\bn_\bg _\bH_\bo_\bm_\be _\bP_\ba_\bg_\be

       http://www.muttng.org

       _\b1_\b._\b2  _\bM_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bL_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bs

          +\bo mutt-ng-users@lists.berlios.de -- This is where the mutt-ng user support
            happens.

          +\bo mutt-ng-devel@lists.berlios.de -- The development mailing list for mutt-ng

       _\b1_\b._\b3  _\bS_\bo_\bf_\bt_\bw_\ba_\br_\be _\bD_\bi_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bb_\bu_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bS_\bi_\bt_\be_\bs

       So far, there are no official releases of Mutt-ng, but you can download daily
       snapshots from http://mutt-ng.berlios.de/snapshots/

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                     1

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                     2

       _\b1_\b._\b4  _\bI_\bR_\bC

       Visit channel _\b#_\bm_\bu_\bt_\bt_\bn_\bg on irc.freenode.net (www.freenode.net) to chat with other
       people interested in Mutt-ng.

       _\b1_\b._\b5  _\bW_\be_\bb_\bl_\bo_\bg

       If you want to read fresh news about the latest development in Mutt-ng, and get
       informed about stuff like interesting, Mutt-ng-related articles and packages
       for your favorite distribution, you can read and/or subscribe to our Mutt-ng
       development weblog.

       _\b1_\b._\b6  _\bC_\bo_\bp_\by_\br_\bi_\bg_\bh_\bt

       Mutt is Copyright (C) 1996-2000 Michael R. Elkins <me@cs.hmc.edu> and others

       This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
       the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
       Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later ver-
       sion.

       This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
       WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
       PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.

       You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
       this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple
       Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111, USA.

       _\b2_\b.  _\bG_\be_\bt_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bS_\bt_\ba_\br_\bt_\be_\bd

       This section is intended as a brief overview of how to use Mutt-ng.  There are
       many other features which are described elsewhere in the manual.  <-- There is
       even more information available in the Mutt FAQ and various web pages.  See the
       Mutt Page for more details.  -->

       The key bindings described in this section are the defaults as distributed.
       Your local system administrator may have altered the defaults for your site.
       You can always type ``?'' in any menu to display the current bindings.

       The first thing you need to do is invoke mutt-ng simply by typing muttng at the
       command line.  There are various command-line options, see either the muttng
       man page or the _\br_\be_\bf_\be_\br_\be_\bn_\bc_\be (section 6.1  , page 62).

       If you have used mutt in the past the easiest thing to have a proper configura-
       tion file is to source  /.muttrc in  /.muttngrc.

       _\b2_\b._\b1  _\bM_\bo_\bv_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bA_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd _\bi_\bn _\bM_\be_\bn_\bu_\bs

       Information is presented in menus, very similar to ELM.  Here is a table show-
       ing the common keys used to navigate menus in Mutt.

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                     3

            j or Down       next-entry      move to the next entry
            k or Up         previous-entry  move to the previous entry
            z or PageDn     page-down       go to the next page
            Z or PageUp     page-up         go to the previous page
            = or Home       first-entry     jump to the first entry
            * or End        last-entry      jump to the last entry
            q               quit            exit the current menu
            ?               help            list all key bindings for the current menu

       _\b2_\b._\b2  _\bE_\bd_\bi_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bI_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt _\bF_\bi_\be_\bl_\bd_\bs

       Mutt-ng has a builtin line editor which is used as the primary way to input
       textual data such as email addresses or filenames.  The keys used to move
       around while editing are very similar to those of Emacs.

            ^A or <Home>    bol             move to the start of the line
            ^B or <Left>    backward-char   move back one char
            Esc B          backward-word  move back one word
            ^D or <Delete>  delete-char     delete the char under the cursor
            ^E or <End>     eol             move to the end of the line
            ^F or <Right>   forward-char    move forward one char
            Esc F          forward-word   move forward one word
            <Tab>           complete        complete filename or alias
            ^T              complete-query  complete address with query
            ^K              kill-eol        delete to the end of the line
            ESC d          kill-eow  delete to the end ot the word
            ^W              kill-word       kill the word in front of the cursor
            ^U              kill-line       delete entire line
            ^V              quote-char      quote the next typed key
            <Up>            history-up      recall previous string from history
            <Down>          history-down    recall next string from history
            <BackSpace>     backspace       kill the char in front of the cursor
            Esc u          upcase-word    convert word to upper case
            Esc l          downcase-word  convert word to lower case
            Esc c          capitalize-word capitalize the word
            ^G              n/a             abort
            <Return>        n/a             finish editing

       You can remap the _\be_\bd_\bi_\bt_\bo_\br functions using the _\bb_\bi_\bn_\bd (section 3.3  , page 17) com-
       mand.  For example, to make the _\bD_\be_\bl_\be_\bt_\be key delete the character in front of the
       cursor rather than under, you could use

       bind editor <delete> backspace

       _\b2_\b._\b3  _\bR_\be_\ba_\bd_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bM_\ba_\bi_\bl _\b- _\bT_\bh_\be _\bI_\bn_\bd_\be_\bx _\ba_\bn_\bd _\bP_\ba_\bg_\be_\br

       Similar to many other mail clients, there are two modes in which mail is read
       in Mutt-ng.  The first is the index of messages in the mailbox, which is called
       the ``index'' in Mutt.  The second mode is the display of the message contents.
       This is called the ``pager.''

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                     4

       The next few sections describe the functions provided in each of these modes.

       _\b2_\b._\b3_\b._\b1  _\bT_\bh_\be _\bM_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be _\bI_\bn_\bd_\be_\bx

            c               change to a different mailbox
            ESC c           change to a folder in read-only mode
            C               copy the current message to another mailbox
            ESC C           decode a message and copy it to a folder
            ESC s           decode a message and save it to a folder
            D               delete messages matching a pattern
            d               delete the current message
            F               mark as important
            l               show messages matching a pattern
            N               mark message as new
            o               change the current sort method
            O               reverse sort the mailbox
            q               save changes and exit
            s               save-message
            T               tag messages matching a pattern
            t               toggle the tag on a message
            ESC t           toggle tag on entire message thread
            U               undelete messages matching a pattern
            u               undelete-message
            v               view-attachments
            x               abort changes and exit
            <Return>        display-message
            <Tab>           jump to the next new message
            @               show the author's full e-mail address
            $               save changes to mailbox
            /               search
            ESC /           search-reverse
            ^L              clear and redraw the screen
            ^T              untag messages matching a pattern

       _\b2_\b._\b3_\b._\b1_\b._\b1  _\bS_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs _\bF_\bl_\ba_\bg_\bs

       In addition to who sent the message and the subject, a short summary of the
       disposition of each message is printed beside the message number.  Zero or more
       of the following ``flags'' may appear, which mean:

             D
                   message is deleted (is marked for deletion)

             d
                   message have attachments marked for deletion

             K
                   contains a PGP public key

             N
                   message is new

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                     5

             O
                   message is old

             P
                   message is PGP encrypted

             r
                   message has been replied to

             S
                   message is signed, and the signature is succesfully verified

             s
                   message is signed

             !
                   message is flagged

             *
                   message is tagged

       Some of the status flags can be turned on or off using

          +\bo s\bse\bet\bt-\b-f\bfl\bla\bag\bg (default: w)

          +\bo c\bcl\ble\bea\bar\br-\b-f\bfl\bla\bag\bg (default: W)

       Furthermore, the following flags reflect who the message is addressed to.  They
       can be customized with the _\b$_\bt_\bo_\b__\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs (section 6.3.313  , page 141) variable.

             +
                   message is to you and you only

             T
                   message is to you, but also to or cc'ed to others

             C
                   message is cc'ed to you

             F
                   message is from you

             L
                   message is sent to a subscribed mailing list

       _\b2_\b._\b3_\b._\b2  _\bT_\bh_\be _\bP_\ba_\bg_\be_\br

       By default, Mutt-ng uses its builtin pager to display the body of messages.
       The pager is very similar to the Unix program _\bl_\be_\bs_\bs though not nearly as fea-
       tureful.

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                     6

            <Return>        go down one line
            <Space>         display the next page (or next message if at the end of a message)
            -               go back to the previous page
            n               search for next match
            S               skip beyond quoted text
            T               toggle display of quoted text
            ?               show key bindings
            /               search for a regular expression (pattern)
            ESC /           search backwards for a regular expression
            \               toggle search pattern coloring
            ^               jump to the top of the message

       In addition, many of the functions from the _\bi_\bn_\bd_\be_\bx are available in the pager,
       such as _\bd_\be_\bl_\be_\bt_\be_\b-_\bm_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be or _\bc_\bo_\bp_\by_\b-_\bm_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be (this is one advantage over using an
       external pager to view messages).

       Also, the internal pager supports a couple other advanced features. For one, it
       will accept and translate the ``standard'' nroff sequences for bold and under-
       line. These sequences are a series of either the letter, backspace (^H), the
       letter again for bold or the letter, backspace, ``_'' for denoting underline.
       Mutt-ng will attempt to display these in bold and underline respectively if
       your terminal supports them. If not, you can use the bold and underline _\bc_\bo_\bl_\bo_\br
       (section 3.7  , page 21) objects to specify a color or mono attribute for them.

       Additionally, the internal pager supports the ANSI escape sequences for charac-
       ter attributes.  Mutt-ng translates them into the correct color and character
       settings.  The sequences Mutt-ng supports are:

            ESC [ Ps;Ps;Ps;...;Ps m
            where Ps =
            0    All Attributes Off
            1    Bold on
            4    Underline on
            5    Blink on
            7    Reverse video on
            3x   Foreground color is x
            4x   Background color is x

            Colors are
            0    black
            1    red
            2    green
            3    yellow
            4    blue
            5    magenta
            6    cyan
            7    white

       Mutt-ng uses these attributes for handling text/enriched messages, and they can
       also be used by an external _\ba_\bu_\bt_\bo_\bv_\bi_\be_\bw (section 5.4  , page 60) script for high-
       lighting purposes.  N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: If you change the colors for your display, for

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                     7

       example by changing the color associated with color2 for your xterm, then that
       color will be used instead of green.

       _\b2_\b._\b3_\b._\b3  _\bT_\bh_\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\be_\bd _\bM_\bo_\bd_\be

       When the mailbox is _\bs_\bo_\br_\bt_\be_\bd (section 6.3.285  , page 133) by _\bt_\bh_\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bs, there are
       a few additional functions available in the _\bi_\bn_\bd_\be_\bx and _\bp_\ba_\bg_\be_\br modes.

            ^D      delete-thread           delete all messages in the current thread
            ^U      undelete-thread         undelete all messages in the current thread
            ^N      next-thread             jump to the start of the next thread
            ^P      previous-thread         jump to the start of the previous thread
            ^R      read-thread             mark the current thread as read
            ESC d   delete-subthread        delete all messages in the current subthread
            ESC u   undelete-subthread      undelete all messages in the current subthread
            ESC n   next-subthread          jump to the start of the next subthread
            ESC p   previous-subthread      jump to the start of the previous subthread
            ESC r   read-subthread          mark the current subthread as read
            ESC t   tag-thread              toggle the tag on the current thread
            ESC v     collapse-thread          toggle collapse for the current thread
            ESC V     collapse-all        toggle collapse for all threads
            P       parent-message          jump to parent message in thread

       N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: Collapsing a thread displays only the first message in the thread and
       hides the others. This is useful when threads contain so many messages that you
       can only see a handful of threads on the screen. See %M in _\b$_\bi_\bn_\bd_\be_\bx_\b__\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt (sec-
       tion 6.3.112  , page 91).  For example, you could use "%?M?(#%03M)&(%4l)?" in
       _\b$_\bi_\bn_\bd_\be_\bx_\b__\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt (section 6.3.112  , page 91) to optionally display the number of
       hidden messages if the thread is collapsed.

       See also: _\b$_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bc_\bt_\b__\bt_\bh_\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bs (section 6.3.302  , page 139).

       _\b2_\b._\b3_\b._\b4  _\bM_\bi_\bs_\bc_\be_\bl_\bl_\ba_\bn_\be_\bo_\bu_\bs _\bF_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\bs

       c\bcr\bre\bea\bat\bte\be-\b-a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs
        (default: a)

       Creates a new alias based upon the current message (or prompts for a new one).
       Once editing is complete, an _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs (section 3.2  , page 16) command is added to
       the file specified by the _\b$_\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs_\b__\bf_\bi_\bl_\be (section 6.3.3  , page 65) variable for
       future use. N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: Specifying an _\b$_\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs_\b__\bf_\bi_\bl_\be (section 6.3.3  , page 65) does not
       add the aliases specified there-in, you must also _\bs_\bo_\bu_\br_\bc_\be (section 3.26  , page
       32) the file.

       c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bk-\b-t\btr\bra\bad\bdi\bit\bti\bio\bon\bna\bal\bl-\b-p\bpg\bgp\bp
        (default: ESC P)

       This function will search the current message for content signed or encrypted
       with PGP the "traditional" way, that is, without proper MIME tagging.  Techni-
       cally, this function will temporarily change the MIME content types of the body
       parts containing PGP data; this is similar to the _\be_\bd_\bi_\bt_\b-_\bt_\by_\bp_\be (section 2.3.4  ,
       page 8) function's effect.

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                     8

       d\bdi\bis\bsp\bpl\bla\bay\by-\b-t\bto\bog\bgg\bgl\ble\be-\b-w\bwe\bee\bed\bd
        (default: h)

       Toggles the weeding of message header fields specified by _\bi_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\be (section
       3.8  , page 23) commands.

       e\bed\bdi\bit\bt
        (default: e)

       This command (available in the ``index'' and ``pager'') allows you to edit the
       raw current message as it's present in the mail folder.  After you have fin-
       ished editing, the changed message will be appended to the current folder, and
       the original message will be marked for deletion.

       e\bed\bdi\bit\bt-\b-t\bty\byp\bpe\be

       (default: ^E on the attachment menu, and in the pager and index menus; ^T on
       the compose menu)

       This command is used to temporarily edit an attachment's content type to fix,
       for instance, bogus character set parameters.  When invoked from the index or
       from the pager, you'll have the opportunity to edit the top-level attachment's
       content type.  On the _\ba_\bt_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt _\bm_\be_\bn_\bu (section 5.1.2  , page 53), you can
       change any attachment's content type. These changes are not persistent, and get
       lost upon changing folders.

       Note that this command is also available on the _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bs_\be _\bm_\be_\bn_\bu (section 5.1.3  ,
       page 53).  There, it's used to fine-tune the properties of attachments you are
       going to send.

       e\ben\bnt\bte\ber\br-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd
        (default: ``:'')

       This command is used to execute any command you would normally put in a config-
       uration file.  A common use is to check the settings of variables, or in con-
       junction with _\bm_\ba_\bc_\br_\bo_\bs (section 3.6  , page 20) to change settings on the fly.

       e\bex\bxt\btr\bra\bac\bct\bt-\b-k\bke\bey\bys\bs
        (default: ^K)

       This command extracts PGP public keys from the current or tagged message(s) and
       adds them to your PGP public key ring.

       f\bfo\bor\brg\bge\bet\bt-\b-p\bpa\bas\bss\bsp\bph\bhr\bra\bas\bse\be
        (default: ^F)

       This command wipes the passphrase(s) from memory. It is useful, if you mis-
       spelled the passphrase.

       l\bli\bis\bst\bt-\b-r\bre\bep\bpl\bly\by
        (default: L)

       Reply to the current or tagged message(s) by extracting any addresses which

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                     9

       match the regular expressions given by the _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bs _\bo_\br _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bb_\be (section 3.10  ,
       page 24) commands, but also honor any Mail-Followup-To header(s) if the
       _\b$_\bh_\bo_\bn_\bo_\br_\b__\bf_\bo_\bl_\bl_\bo_\bw_\bu_\bp_\b__\bt_\bo (section 6.3.91  , page 86) configuration variable is set.
       Using this when replying to messages posted to mailing lists helps avoid dupli-
       cate copies being sent to the author of the message you are replying to.

       p\bpi\bip\bpe\be-\b-m\bme\bes\bss\bsa\bag\bge\be
        (default: |)

       Asks for an external Unix command and pipes the current or tagged message(s) to
       it.  The variables _\b$_\bp_\bi_\bp_\be_\b__\bd_\be_\bc_\bo_\bd_\be (section 6.3.192  , page 112), _\b$_\bp_\bi_\bp_\be_\b__\bs_\bp_\bl_\bi_\bt
       (section 6.3.194  , page 112), _\b$_\bp_\bi_\bp_\be_\b__\bs_\be_\bp (section 6.3.193  , page 112) and
       _\b$_\bw_\ba_\bi_\bt_\b__\bk_\be_\by (section 6.3.325  , page 144) control the exact behavior of this
       function.

       r\bre\bes\bse\ben\bnd\bd-\b-m\bme\bes\bss\bsa\bag\bge\be
        (default: ESC e)

       With resend-message, mutt takes the current message as a template for a new
       message.  This function is best described as "recall from arbitrary folders".
       It can conveniently be used to forward MIME messages while preserving the orig-
       inal mail structure. Note that the amount of headers included here depends on
       the value of the _\b$_\bw_\be_\be_\bd (section 6.3.326  , page 144) variable.

       This function is also available from the attachment menu. You can use this to
       easily resend a message which was included with a bounce message as a mes-
       sage/rfc822 body part.

       s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-e\bes\bsc\bca\bap\bpe\be
        (default: !)

       Asks for an external Unix command and executes it.  The _\b$_\bw_\ba_\bi_\bt_\b__\bk_\be_\by (section
       6.3.325  , page 144) can be used to control whether Mutt-ng will wait for a key
       to be pressed when the command returns (presumably to let the user read the
       output of the command), based on the return status of the named command.

       t\bto\bog\bgg\bgl\ble\be-\b-q\bqu\buo\bot\bte\bed\bd
        (default: T)

       The _\bp_\ba_\bg_\be_\br uses the _\b$_\bq_\bu_\bo_\bt_\be_\b__\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp (section 6.3.218  , page 118) variable to
       detect quoted text when displaying the body of the message.  This function tog-
       gles the display of the quoted material in the message.  It is particularly
       useful when are interested in just the response and there is a large amount of
       quoted text in the way.

       s\bsk\bki\bip\bp-\b-q\bqu\buo\bot\bte\bed\bd
        (default: S)

       This function will go to the next line of non-quoted text which come after a
       line of quoted text in the internal pager.

       _\b2_\b._\b4  _\bS_\be_\bn_\bd_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bM_\ba_\bi_\bl

       The following bindings are available in the _\bi_\bn_\bd_\be_\bx for sending messages.

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    10

            m       compose         compose a new message
            r       reply           reply to sender
            g       group-reply     reply to all recipients
            L       list-reply      reply to mailing list address
            f       forward         forward message
            b       bounce          bounce (remail) message
            ESC k   mail-key        mail a PGP public key to someone

       Bouncing a message sends the message as is to the recipient you specify.  For-
       warding a message allows you to add comments or modify the message you are for-
       warding.  These items are discussed in greater detail in the next chapter
       _\b`_\b`_\bF_\bo_\br_\bw_\ba_\br_\bd_\bi_\bn_\bg _\ba_\bn_\bd _\bB_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bM_\ba_\bi_\bl_\b'_\b' (section 2.5  , page 13).

       Mutt-ng will then enter the _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bs_\be menu and prompt you for the recipients to
       place on the ``To:'' header field.  Next, it will ask you for the ``Subject:''
       field for the message, providing a default if you are replying to or forwarding
       a message.  See also _\b$_\ba_\bs_\bk_\bc_\bc (section 6.3.12  , page 67), _\b$_\ba_\bs_\bk_\bb_\bc_\bc (section
       6.3.11  , page 67), _\b$_\ba_\bu_\bt_\bo_\be_\bd_\bi_\bt (section 6.3.19  , page 69), _\b$_\bb_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bc_\be (section
       6.3.22  , page 70), and _\b$_\bf_\ba_\bs_\bt_\b__\br_\be_\bp_\bl_\by (section 6.3.61  , page 78) for changing
       how Mutt asks these questions.

       Mutt will then automatically start your _\b$_\be_\bd_\bi_\bt_\bo_\br (section 6.3.57  , page 77) on
       the message body.  If the _\b$_\be_\bd_\bi_\bt_\b__\bh_\be_\ba_\bd_\be_\br_\bs (section 6.3.56  , page 77) variable is
       set, the headers will be at the top of the message in your editor.  Any mes-
       sages you are replying to will be added in sort order to the message, with
       appropriate _\b$_\ba_\bt_\bt_\br_\bi_\bb_\bu_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn (section 6.3.17  , page 69), _\b$_\bi_\bn_\bd_\be_\bn_\bt_\b__\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg (section
       6.3.111  , page 90) and _\b$_\bp_\bo_\bs_\bt_\b__\bi_\bn_\bd_\be_\bn_\bt_\b__\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg (section 6.3.204  , page 115).
       When forwarding a message, if the _\b$_\bm_\bi_\bm_\be_\b__\bf_\bo_\br_\bw_\ba_\br_\bd (section 6.3.139  , page 98)
       variable is unset, a copy of the forwarded message will be included.  If you
       have specified a _\b$_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\ba_\bt_\bu_\br_\be (section 6.3.255  , page 126), it will be appended
       to the message.

       Once you have finished editing the body of your mail message, you are returned
       to the _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bs_\be menu.  The following options are available:

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    11

            a       attach-file             attach a file
            A    attach-message      attach message(s) to the message
            ESC k   attach-key              attach a PGP public key
            d       edit-description        edit description on attachment
            D       detach-file             detach a file
            t       edit-to                 edit the To field
            ESC f   edit-from               edit the From field
            r       edit-reply-to           edit the Reply-To field
            c       edit-cc                 edit the Cc field
            b       edit-bcc                edit the Bcc field
            y       send-message            send the message
            s       edit-subject            edit the Subject
            S       smime-menu              select S/MIME options
            f       edit-fcc                specify an ``Fcc'' mailbox
            p       pgp-menu                select PGP options
            P       postpone-message        postpone this message until later
            q       quit                    quit (abort) sending the message
            w    write-fcc      write the message to a folder
            i       ispell                  check spelling (if available on your system)
            ^F      forget-passphrase       wipe passphrase(s) from memory

       N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: The attach-message function will prompt you for a folder to attach mes-
       sages from. You can now tag messages in that folder and they will be attached
       to the message you are sending. Note that certain operations like composing a
       new mail, replying, forwarding, etc. are not permitted when you are in that
       folder. The %r in _\b$_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs_\b__\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt (section 6.3.299  , page 137) will change to a
       'A' to indicate that you are in attach-message mode.

       _\b2_\b._\b4_\b._\b1  _\bE_\bd_\bi_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bt_\bh_\be _\bm_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be _\bh_\be_\ba_\bd_\be_\br

       When editing the header of your outgoing message, there are a couple of special
       features available.

       If you specify

       Fcc: _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be

       Mutt will pick up _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be just as if you had used the _\be_\bd_\bi_\bt_\b-_\bf_\bc_\bc function in the
       _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bs_\be menu.

       You can also attach files to your message by specifying

       Attach: _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be  [ _\bd_\be_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn ]

       where _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is the file to attach and _\bd_\be_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn is an optional string to
       use as the description of the attached file.

       When replying to messages, if you remove the _\bI_\bn_\b-_\bR_\be_\bp_\bl_\by_\b-_\bT_\bo_\b: field from the header
       field, Mutt will not generate a _\bR_\be_\bf_\be_\br_\be_\bn_\bc_\be_\bs_\b: field, which allows you to create a
       new message thread.

       Also see _\be_\bd_\bi_\bt_\b__\bh_\be_\ba_\bd_\be_\br_\bs (section 6.3.56  , page 77).

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    12

       _\b2_\b._\b4_\b._\b2  _\bU_\bs_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bM_\bu_\bt_\bt _\bw_\bi_\bt_\bh _\bP_\bG_\bP

       If you want to use PGP, you can specify

       Pgp: [ E | S | S_\b<_\bi_\bd_\b> ]

       ``E'' encrypts, ``S'' signs and ``S<id>'' signs with the given key, setting
       _\b$_\bp_\bg_\bp_\b__\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\b__\ba_\bs (section 6.3.184  , page 110) permanently.

       If you have told mutt to PGP encrypt a message, it will guide you through a key
       selection process when you try to send the message.  Mutt will not ask you any
       questions about keys which have a certified user ID matching one of the message
       recipients' mail addresses.  However, there may be situations in which there
       are several keys, weakly certified user ID fields, or where no matching keys
       can be found.

       In these cases, you are dropped into a menu with a list of keys from which you
       can select one.  When you quit this menu, or mutt can't find any matching keys,
       you are prompted for a user ID.  You can, as usually, abort this prompt using
       ^G.  When you do so, mutt will return to the compose screen.

       Once you have successfully finished the key selection, the message will be
       encrypted using the selected public keys, and sent out.

       Most fields of the entries in the key selection menu (see also _\b$_\bp_\bg_\bp_\b__\be_\bn_\bt_\br_\by_\b__\bf_\bo_\br_\b-
       _\bm_\ba_\bt (section 6.3.171  , page 107)) have obvious meanings.  But some explana-
       tions on the capabilities, flags, and validity fields are in order.

       The flags sequence (%f) will expand to one of the following flags:

            R            The key has been revoked and can't be used.
            X            The key is expired and can't be used.
            d            You have marked the key as disabled.
            c            There are unknown critical self-signature
                         packets.

       The capabilities field (%c) expands to a two-character sequence representing a
       key's capabilities.  The first character gives the key's encryption capabili-
       ties: A minus sign (-\b-) means that the key cannot be used for encryption.  A dot
       (.\b.) means that it's marked as a signature key in one of the user IDs, but may
       also be used for encryption.  The letter e\be indicates that this key can be used
       for encryption.

       The second character indicates the key's signing capabilities.  Once again, a
       ``-\b-'' implies ``not for signing'', ``.\b.'' implies that the key is marked as an
       encryption key in one of the user-ids, and ``s\bs'' denotes a key which can be
       used for signing.

       Finally, the validity field (%t) indicates how well-certified a user-id is.  A
       question mark (?\b?) indicates undefined validity, a minus character (-\b-) marks an
       untrusted association, a space character means a partially trusted association,
       and a plus character (+\b+) indicates complete validity.

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    13

       _\b2_\b._\b4_\b._\b3  _\bS_\be_\bn_\bd_\bi_\bn_\bg _\ba_\bn_\bo_\bn_\by_\bm_\bo_\bu_\bs _\bm_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be_\bs _\bv_\bi_\ba _\bm_\bi_\bx_\bm_\ba_\bs_\bt_\be_\br_\b.

       You may also have configured mutt to co-operate with Mixmaster, an anonymous
       remailer.  Mixmaster permits you to send your messages anonymously using a
       chain of remailers. Mixmaster support in mutt is for mixmaster version 2.04
       (beta 45 appears to be the latest) and 2.03.  It does not support earlier ver-
       sions or the later so-called version 3 betas, of which the latest appears to be
       called 2.9b23.

       To use it, you'll have to obey certain restrictions.  Most important, you can-
       not use the Cc and Bcc headers.  To tell Mutt to use mixmaster, you have to
       select a remailer chain, using the mix function on the compose menu.

       The chain selection screen is divided into two parts.  In the (larger) upper
       part, you get a list of remailers you may use.  In the lower part, you see the
       currently selected chain of remailers.

       You can navigate in the chain using the chain-prev and chain-next functions,
       which are by default bound to the left and right arrows and to the h and l keys
       (think vi keyboard bindings).  To insert a remailer at the current chain posi-
       tion, use the insert function.  To append a remailer behind the current chain
       position, use select-entry or append.  You can also delete entries from the
       chain, using the corresponding function.  Finally, to abandon your changes,
       leave the menu, or accept them pressing (by default) the Return key.

       Note that different remailers do have different capabilities, indicated in the
       %c entry of the remailer menu lines (see _\b$_\bm_\bi_\bx_\b__\be_\bn_\bt_\br_\by_\b__\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt (section 6.3.143  ,
       page 99)).  Most important is the ``middleman'' capability, indicated by a cap-
       ital ``M'': This means that the remailer in question cannot be used as the
       final element of a chain, but will only forward messages to other mixmaster
       remailers.  For details on the other capabilities, please have a look at the
       mixmaster documentation.

       _\b2_\b._\b5  _\bF_\bo_\br_\bw_\ba_\br_\bd_\bi_\bn_\bg _\ba_\bn_\bd _\bB_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bM_\ba_\bi_\bl

       Bouncing and forwarding let you send an existing message to recipients that you
       specify.  Bouncing a message uses the _\bs_\be_\bn_\bd_\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl (section 6.3.241  , page 123)
       command to send a copy to alternative addresses as if they were the message's
       original recipients.  Forwarding a message, on the other hand, allows you to
       modify the message before it is resent (for example, by adding your own com-
       ments).

       The following keys are bound by default:

            f       forward         forward message
            b       bounce          bounce (remail) message

       Forwarding can be done by including the original message in the new message's
       body (surrounded by indicating lines) or including it as a MIME attachment,
       depending on the value of the _\b$_\bm_\bi_\bm_\be_\b__\bf_\bo_\br_\bw_\ba_\br_\bd (section 6.3.139  , page 98) vari-
       able.  Decoding of attachments, like in the pager, can be controlled by the
       _\b$_\bf_\bo_\br_\bw_\ba_\br_\bd_\b__\bd_\be_\bc_\bo_\bd_\be (section 6.3.71  , page 81) and _\b$_\bm_\bi_\bm_\be_\b__\bf_\bo_\br_\bw_\ba_\br_\bd_\b__\bd_\be_\bc_\bo_\bd_\be (section

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    14

       6.3.140  , page 99) variables, respectively.  The desired forwarding format may
       depend on the content, therefore _\b$_\bm_\bi_\bm_\be_\b__\bf_\bo_\br_\bw_\ba_\br_\bd is a quadoption which, for exam-
       ple, can be set to ``ask-no''.

       The inclusion of headers is controlled by the current setting of the _\b$_\bw_\be_\be_\bd
       (section 6.3.326  , page 144) variable, unless _\bm_\bi_\bm_\be_\b__\bf_\bo_\br_\bw_\ba_\br_\bd (section 6.3.139  ,
       page 98) is set.

       Editing the message to forward follows the same procedure as sending or reply-
       ing to a message does.

       _\b2_\b._\b6  _\bP_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bp_\bo_\bn_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bM_\ba_\bi_\bl

       At times it is desirable to delay sending a message that you have already begun
       to compose.  When the _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bp_\bo_\bn_\be_\b-_\bm_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be function is used in the _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bs_\be menu,
       the body of your message and attachments are stored in the mailbox specified by
       the _\b$_\bp_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bp_\bo_\bn_\be_\bd (section 6.3.207  , page 115) variable.  This means that you can
       recall the message even if you exit Mutt and then restart it at a later time.

       Once a message is postponed, there are several ways to resume it.  From the
       command line you can use the ``-p'' option, or if you _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bs_\be a new message
       from the _\bi_\bn_\bd_\be_\bx or _\bp_\ba_\bg_\be_\br you will be prompted if postponed messages exist.  If
       multiple messages are currently postponed, the _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bp_\bo_\bn_\be_\bd menu will pop up and
       you can select which message you would like to resume.

       N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: If you postpone a reply to a message, the reply setting of the message is
       only updated when you actually finish the message and send it.  Also, you must
       be in the same folder with the message you replied to for the status of the
       message to be updated.

       See also the _\b$_\bp_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bp_\bo_\bn_\be (section 6.3.206  , page 115) quad-option.

       _\b2_\b._\b7  _\bR_\be_\ba_\bd_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bn_\be_\bw_\bs _\bv_\bi_\ba _\bN_\bN_\bT_\bP

       If compiled with ``--enable-nntp'' option, Mutt can read news from newsserver
       via NNTP.  You can open a newsgroup with function ``change-newsgroup''
       (default: i).  Default newsserver can be obtained from _\bN_\bN_\bT_\bP_\bS_\bE_\bR_\bV_\bE_\bR environment
       variable.  Like other news readers, info about subscribed newsgroups is saved
       in file by _\b$_\bn_\be_\bw_\bs_\br_\bc (section 6.3.150  , page 102) variable.  Article headers are
       cached and can be loaded from file when newsgroup entered instead loading from
       newsserver.

       _\b3_\b.  _\bC_\bo_\bn_\bf_\bi_\bg_\bu_\br_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn

       While the default configuration (or ``preferences'') make Mutt-ng usable right
       out of the box, it is often desirable to tailor Mutt to suit your own tastes.
       When Mutt-ng is first invoked, it will attempt to read the ``system'' configu-
       ration file (defaults set by your local system administrator), unless the
       ``-n'' _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd _\bl_\bi_\bn_\be (section 6.1  , page 62) option is specified.  This file is
       typically /usr/local/share/muttng/Muttngrc or /etc/Muttngrc, Mutt-ng users will
       find this file in /usr/local/share/muttng/Muttrc or /etc/Muttngrc. Mutt will
       next look for a file named .muttrc in your home directory, Mutt-ng will look
       for .muttngrc.  If this file does not exist and your home directory has a

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    15

       subdirectory named .mutt, mutt try to load a file named .muttng/muttngrc.

       .muttrc (or .muttngrc for Mutt-ng) is the file where you will usually place
       your _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\bs (section 6.2  , page 62) to configure Mutt.

       In addition, mutt supports version specific configuration files that are parsed
       instead of the default files as explained above.  For instance, if your system
       has a Muttrc-0.88 file in the system configuration directory, and you are run-
       ning version 0.88 of mutt, this file will be sourced instead of the Muttrc
       file.  The same is true of the user configuration file, if you have a file
       .muttrc-0.88.6 in your home directory, when you run mutt version 0.88.6, it
       will source this file instead of the default .muttrc file.  The version number
       is the same which is visible using the ``-v'' _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd _\bl_\bi_\bn_\be (section 6.1  , page
       62) switch or using the show-version key (default: V) from the index menu.

       _\b3_\b._\b1  _\bS_\by_\bn_\bt_\ba_\bx _\bo_\bf _\bI_\bn_\bi_\bt_\bi_\ba_\bl_\bi_\bz_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bF_\bi_\bl_\be_\bs

       An initialization file consists of a series of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\bs (section 6.2  , page
       62).  Each line of the file may contain one or more commands.  When multiple
       commands are used, they must be separated by a semicolon (;).

            set realname='Mutt user' ; ignore x-

       The hash mark, or pound sign (``#''), is used as a ``comment'' character. You
       can use it to annotate your initialization file. All text after the comment
       character to the end of the line is ignored. For example,

            my_hdr X-Disclaimer: Why are you listening to me? # This is a comment

       Single quotes (') and double quotes (') can be used to quote strings which con-
       tain spaces or other special characters.  The difference between the two types
       of quotes is similar to that of many popular shell programs, namely that a sin-
       gle quote is used to specify a literal string (one that is not interpreted for
       shell variables or quoting with a backslash [see next paragraph]), while double
       quotes indicate a string for which should be evaluated.  For example, backtics
       are evaluated inside of double quotes, but n\bno\bot\bt for single quotes.

       \ quotes the next character, just as in shells such as bash and zsh.  For exam-
       ple, if want to put quotes ``''' inside of a string, you can use ``\'' to force
       the next character to be a literal instead of interpreted character.

            set realname="Michael \"MuttDude\" Elkins"

       ``\\'' means to insert a literal ``\'' into the line.  ``\n'' and ``\r'' have
       their usual C meanings of linefeed and carriage-return, respectively.

       A \ at the end of a line can be used to split commands over multiple lines,
       provided that the split points don't appear in the middle of command names.

       Please note that, unlike the various shells, mutt-ng interprets a ``\'' at the

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    16

       end of a line also in comments. This allows you to disable a command split over
       multiple lines with only one ``#''.

            # folder-hook . \
              set realname="Michael \"MuttDude\" Elkins"

       When testing your config files, beware the following caveat. The backslash at
       the end of the commented line extends the current line with the next line -
       then referred to as a ``continuation line''.  As the first line is commented
       with a hash (#) all following continuation lines are also part of a comment and
       therefore are ignored, too. So take care of comments when continuation lines
       are involved within your setup files!

       Abstract example:

            line1\
            line2a # line2b\
            line3\
            line4
            line5

       line1 ``continues'' until line4. however, the part after the # is a comment
       which includes line3 and line4. line5 is a new line of its own and thus is
       interpreted again.

       It is also possible to substitute the output of a Unix command in an initial-
       ization file.  This is accomplished by enclosing the command in backquotes
       (``).  For example,

            my_hdr X-Operating-System: `uname -a`

       The output of the Unix command ``uname -a'' will be substituted before the line
       is parsed.  Note that since initialization files are line oriented, only the
       first line of output from the Unix command will be substituted.

       UNIX environments can be accessed like the way it is done in shells like sh and
       bash: Prepend the name of the environment by a ``$''.  For example,

            set record=+sent_on_$HOSTNAME

       The commands understood by mutt are explained in the next paragraphs.  For a
       complete list, see the _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd _\br_\be_\bf_\be_\br_\be_\bn_\bc_\be (section 6.2  , page 62).

       _\b3_\b._\b2  _\bD_\be_\bf_\bi_\bn_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b/_\bU_\bs_\bi_\bn_\bg _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs_\be_\bs

       Usage: alias _\bk_\be_\by _\ba_\bd_\bd_\br_\be_\bs_\bs [ , _\ba_\bd_\bd_\br_\be_\bs_\bs, ... ]

       It's usually very cumbersome to remember or type out the address of someone you

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    17

       are communicating with.  Mutt allows you to create ``aliases'' which map a
       short string to a full address.

       N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: if you want to create an alias for a group (by specifying more than one
       address), you m\bmu\bus\bst\bt separate the addresses with a comma (``,'').

       To remove an alias or aliases (``*'' means all aliases):

       unalias [ * | _\bk_\be_\by _\b._\b._\b. ]

            alias muttdude me@cs.hmc.edu (Michael Elkins)
            alias theguys manny, moe, jack

       Unlike other mailers, Mutt doesn't require aliases to be defined in a special
       file.  The alias command can appear anywhere in a configuration file, as long
       as this file is _\bs_\bo_\bu_\br_\bc_\be_\bd (section 3.26  , page 32).  Consequently, you can have
       multiple alias files, or you can have all aliases defined in your muttrc.

       On the other hand, the _\bc_\br_\be_\ba_\bt_\be_\b-_\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs (section 2.3.4  , page 7) function can use
       only one file, the one pointed to by the _\b$_\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs_\b__\bf_\bi_\bl_\be (section 6.3.3  , page 65)
       variable (which is ~/.muttrc by default). This file is not special either, in
       the sense that Mutt will happily append aliases to any file, but in order for
       the new aliases to take effect you need to explicitly _\bs_\bo_\bu_\br_\bc_\be (section 3.26  ,
       page 32) this file too.

       For example:

            source /usr/local/share/Mutt.aliases
            source ~/.mail_aliases
            set alias_file=~/.mail_aliases

       To use aliases, you merely use the alias at any place in mutt where mutt
       prompts for addresses, such as the _\bT_\bo_\b: or _\bC_\bc_\b: prompt.  You can also enter
       aliases in your editor at the appropriate headers if you have the _\b$_\be_\bd_\bi_\bt_\b__\bh_\be_\ba_\bd_\be_\br_\bs
       (section 6.3.56  , page 77) variable set.

       In addition, at the various address prompts, you can use the tab character to
       expand a partial alias to the full alias.  If there are multiple matches, mutt
       will bring up a menu with the matching aliases.  In order to be presented with
       the full list of aliases, you must hit tab with out a partial alias, such as at
       the beginning of the prompt or after a comma denoting multiple addresses.

       In the alias menu, you can select as many aliases as you want with the _\bs_\be_\bl_\be_\bc_\bt_\b-
       _\be_\bn_\bt_\br_\by key (default: RET), and use the _\be_\bx_\bi_\bt key (default: q) to return to the
       address prompt.

       _\b3_\b._\b3  _\bC_\bh_\ba_\bn_\bg_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bt_\bh_\be _\bd_\be_\bf_\ba_\bu_\bl_\bt _\bk_\be_\by _\bb_\bi_\bn_\bd_\bi_\bn_\bg_\bs

       Usage: bind _\bm_\ba_\bp _\bk_\be_\by _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    18

       This command allows you to change the default key bindings (operation invoked
       when pressing a key).

       _\bm_\ba_\bp specifies in which menu the binding belongs.  Multiple maps may be speci-
       fied by separating them with commas (no additional whitespace is allowed). The
       currently defined maps are:

             generic
                   This is not a real menu, but is used as a fallback for all of the
                   other menus except for the pager and editor modes.  If a key is not
                   defined in another menu, Mutt will look for a binding to use in
                   this menu.  This allows you to bind a key to a certain function in
                   multiple menus instead of having multiple bind statements to accom-
                   plish the same task.

             alias
                   The alias menu is the list of your personal aliases as defined in
                   your muttrc.  It is the mapping from a short alias name to the full
                   email address(es) of the recipient(s).

             attach
                   The attachment menu is used to access the attachments on received
                   messages.

             browser
                   The browser is used for both browsing the local directory struc-
                   ture, and for listing all of your incoming mailboxes.

             editor
                   The editor is the line-based editor the user enters text data.

             index
                   The index is the list of messages contained in a mailbox.

             compose
                   The compose menu is the screen used when sending a new message.

             pager
                   The pager is the mode used to display message/attachment data, and
                   help listings.

             pgp
                   The pgp menu is used to select the OpenPGP keys used for encrypting
                   outgoing messages.

             postpone
                   The postpone menu is similar to the index menu, except is used when
                   recalling a message the user was composing, but saved until later.

       _\bk_\be_\by is the key (or key sequence) you wish to bind.  To specify a control char-
       acter, use the sequence _\b\_\bC_\bx, where _\bx is the letter of the control character
       (for example, to specify control-A use ``\Ca'').  Note that the case of _\bx as

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    19

       well as _\b\_\bC is ignored, so that _\b\_\bC_\bA, _\b\_\bC_\ba, _\b\_\bc_\bA and _\b\_\bc_\ba are all equivalent.  An
       alternative form is to specify the key as a three digit octal number prefixed
       with a ``\'' (for example _\b\_\b1_\b7_\b7 is equivalent to _\b\_\bc_\b?).

       In addition, _\bk_\be_\by may consist of:

            \t              tab
            <tab>           tab
            \r              carriage return
            \n              newline
            \e              escape
            <esc>           escape
            <up>            up arrow
            <down>          down arrow
            <left>          left arrow
            <right>         right arrow
            <pageup>        Page Up
            <pagedown>      Page Down
            <backspace>     Backspace
            <delete>        Delete
            <insert>        Insert
            <enter>         Enter
            <return>        Return
            <home>          Home
            <end>           End
            <space>         Space bar
            <f1>            function key 1
            <f10>           function key 10

       _\bk_\be_\by does not need to be enclosed in quotes unless it contains a space (`` '').

       _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn specifies which action to take when _\bk_\be_\by is pressed.  For a complete
       list of functions, see the _\br_\be_\bf_\be_\br_\be_\bn_\bc_\be (section 6.4  , page 146).  The special
       function noop unbinds the specified key sequence.

       _\b3_\b._\b4  _\bD_\be_\bf_\bi_\bn_\bi_\bn_\bg _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs_\be_\bs _\bf_\bo_\br _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br _\bs_\be_\bt_\bs

       Usage: charset-hook _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs_\be_\bt

       Usage: iconv-hook _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs_\be_\bt _\bl_\bo_\bc_\ba_\bl_\b-_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs_\be_\bt

       The charset-hook command defines an alias for a character set.  This is useful
       to properly display messages which are tagged with a character set name not
       known to mutt.

       The iconv-hook command defines a system-specific name for a character set.
       This is helpful when your systems character conversion library insists on using
       strange, system-specific names for character sets.

       _\b3_\b._\b5  _\bS_\be_\bt_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be_\bs _\bb_\ba_\bs_\be_\bd _\bu_\bp_\bo_\bn _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bb_\bo_\bx

       Usage: folder-hook [!]_\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    20

       It is often desirable to change settings based on which mailbox you are read-
       ing.  The folder-hook command provides a method by which you can execute any
       configuration command.  _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp is a regular expression specifying in which
       mailboxes to execute _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd before loading.  If a mailbox matches multiple
       folder-hook's, they are executed in the order given in the muttrc.

       N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: if you use the ``!'' shortcut for _\b$_\bs_\bp_\bo_\bo_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be (section 6.3.291  , page
       135) at the beginning of the pattern, you must place it inside of double or
       single quotes in order to distinguish it from the logical _\bn_\bo_\bt operator for the
       expression.

       Note that the settings are _\bn_\bo_\bt restored when you leave the mailbox.  For exam-
       ple, a command action to perform is to change the sorting method based upon the
       mailbox being read:

            folder-hook mutt set sort=threads

       However, the sorting method is not restored to its previous value when reading
       a different mailbox.  To specify a _\bd_\be_\bf_\ba_\bu_\bl_\bt command, use the pattern ``.'':

            folder-hook . set sort=date-sent

       _\b3_\b._\b6  _\bK_\be_\by_\bb_\bo_\ba_\br_\bd _\bm_\ba_\bc_\br_\bo_\bs

       Usage: macro _\bm_\be_\bn_\bu _\bk_\be_\by _\bs_\be_\bq_\bu_\be_\bn_\bc_\be [ _\bd_\be_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn ]

       Macros are useful when you would like a single key to perform a series of
       actions.  When you press _\bk_\be_\by in menu _\bm_\be_\bn_\bu, Mutt will behave as if you had typed
       _\bs_\be_\bq_\bu_\be_\bn_\bc_\be.  So if you have a common sequence of commands you type, you can cre-
       ate a macro to execute those commands with a single key.

       _\bm_\be_\bn_\bu is the _\bm_\ba_\bp (section 3.3  , page 17) which the macro will be bound.  Multi-
       ple maps may be specified by separating multiple menu arguments by commas.
       Whitespace may not be used in between the menu arguments and the commas sepa-
       rating them.

       _\bk_\be_\by and _\bs_\be_\bq_\bu_\be_\bn_\bc_\be are expanded by the same rules as the _\bk_\be_\by _\bb_\bi_\bn_\bd_\bi_\bn_\bg_\bs (section
       3.3  , page 17).  There are some additions however.  The first is that control
       characters in _\bs_\be_\bq_\bu_\be_\bn_\bc_\be can also be specified as _\b^_\bx.  In order to get a caret
       (`^'') you need to use _\b^_\b^.  Secondly, to specify a certain key such as _\bu_\bp or to
       invoke a function directly, you can use the format _\b<_\bk_\be_\by _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\b> and _\b<_\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn
       _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\b>.  For a listing of key names see the section on _\bk_\be_\by _\bb_\bi_\bn_\bd_\bi_\bn_\bg_\bs (section
       3.3  , page 17).  Functions are listed in the _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\br_\be_\bf_\be_\br_\be_\bn_\bc_\be (section
       6.4  , page 146).

       The advantage with using function names directly is that the macros will work
       regardless of the current key bindings, so they are not dependent on the user
       having particular key definitions.  This makes them more robust and portable,
       and also facilitates defining of macros in files used by more than one user
       (eg. the system Muttrc).

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    21

       Optionally you can specify a descriptive text after _\bs_\be_\bq_\bu_\be_\bn_\bc_\be, which is shown in
       the help screens.

       N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: Macro definitions (if any) listed in the help screen(s), are silently
       truncated at the screen width, and are not wrapped.

       _\b3_\b._\b7  _\bU_\bs_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bc_\bo_\bl_\bo_\br _\ba_\bn_\bd _\bm_\bo_\bn_\bo _\bv_\bi_\bd_\be_\bo _\ba_\bt_\bt_\br_\bi_\bb_\bu_\bt_\be_\bs

       Usage: color _\bo_\bb_\bj_\be_\bc_\bt _\bf_\bo_\br_\be_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd _\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd [ _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp ]

       Usage: color index _\bf_\bo_\br_\be_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd _\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn

       Usage: uncolor index _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn [ _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn ...  ]

       If your terminal supports color, you can spice up Mutt by creating your own
       color scheme.  To define the color of an object (type of information), you must
       specify both a foreground color a\ban\bnd\bd a background color (it is not possible to
       only specify one or the other).

       _\bo_\bb_\bj_\be_\bc_\bt can be one of:

          +\bo attachment

          +\bo body (match _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp in the body of messages)

          +\bo bold (highlighting bold patterns in the body of messages)

          +\bo error (error messages printed by Mutt)

          +\bo header (match _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp in the message header)

          +\bo hdrdefault (default color of the message header in the pager)

          +\bo index (match _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn in the message index)

          +\bo indicator (arrow or bar used to indicate the current item in a menu)

          +\bo markers (the ``+'' markers at the beginning of wrapped lines in the pager)

          +\bo message (informational messages)

          +\bo normal

          +\bo quoted (text matching _\b$_\bq_\bu_\bo_\bt_\be_\b__\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp (section 6.3.218  , page 118) in the
            body of a message)

          +\bo quoted1, quoted2, ..., quotedN\bN (higher levels of quoting)

          +\bo search (highlighting of words in the pager)

          +\bo signature

          +\bo status (mode lines used to display info about the mailbox or message)

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    22

          +\bo tilde (the ``~'' used to pad blank lines in the pager)

          +\bo tree (thread tree drawn in the message index and attachment menu)

          +\bo underline (highlighting underlined patterns in the body of messages)

       _\bf_\bo_\br_\be_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd and _\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd can be one of the following:

          +\bo white

          +\bo black

          +\bo green

          +\bo magenta

          +\bo blue

          +\bo cyan

          +\bo yellow

          +\bo red

          +\bo default

          +\bo color_\bx

       _\bf_\bo_\br_\be_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd can optionally be prefixed with the keyword bright to make the fore-
       ground color boldfaced (e.g., brightred).

       If your terminal supports it, the special keyword _\bd_\be_\bf_\ba_\bu_\bl_\bt can be used as a
       transparent color.  The value _\bb_\br_\bi_\bg_\bh_\bt_\bd_\be_\bf_\ba_\bu_\bl_\bt is also valid.  If Mutt is linked
       against the _\bS_\b-_\bL_\ba_\bn_\bg library, you also need to set the _\bC_\bO_\bL_\bO_\bR_\bF_\bG_\bB_\bG environment
       variable to the default colors of your terminal for this to work; for example
       (for Bourne-like shells):

            set COLORFGBG="green;black"
            export COLORFGBG

       N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: The _\bS_\b-_\bL_\ba_\bn_\bg library requires you to use the _\bl_\bi_\bg_\bh_\bt_\bg_\br_\ba_\by and _\bb_\br_\bo_\bw_\bn keywords
       instead of _\bw_\bh_\bi_\bt_\be and _\by_\be_\bl_\bl_\bo_\bw when setting this variable.

       N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: The uncolor command can be applied to the index object only.  It removes
       entries from the list. You m\bmu\bus\bst\bt specify the same pattern specified in the color
       command for it to be removed.  The pattern ``*'' is a special token which means
       to clear the color index list of all entries.

       Mutt also recognizes the keywords _\bc_\bo_\bl_\bo_\br_\b0, _\bc_\bo_\bl_\bo_\br_\b1, ..., _\bc_\bo_\bl_\bo_\brN\bN-\b-1\b1 (N\bN being the
       number of colors supported by your terminal).  This is useful when you remap
       the colors for your display (for example by changing the color associated with
       _\bc_\bo_\bl_\bo_\br_\b2 for your xterm), since color names may then lose their normal meaning.

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    23

       If your terminal does not support color, it is still possible change the video
       attributes through the use of the ``mono'' command:

       Usage: mono _\b<_\bo_\bb_\bj_\be_\bc_\bt_\b> _\b<_\ba_\bt_\bt_\br_\bi_\bb_\bu_\bt_\be_\b> [ _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp ]

       Usage: mono index _\ba_\bt_\bt_\br_\bi_\bb_\bu_\bt_\be _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn

       Usage: unmono index _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn [ _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn ...  ]

       where _\ba_\bt_\bt_\br_\bi_\bb_\bu_\bt_\be is one of the following:

          +\bo none

          +\bo bold

          +\bo underline

          +\bo reverse

          +\bo standout

       _\b3_\b._\b8  _\bI_\bg_\bn_\bo_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg _\b(_\bw_\be_\be_\bd_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b) _\bu_\bn_\bw_\ba_\bn_\bt_\be_\bd _\bm_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be _\bh_\be_\ba_\bd_\be_\br_\bs

       Usage: [un]ignore _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn [ _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn ... ]

       Messages often have many header fields added by automatic processing systems,
       or which may not seem useful to display on the screen.  This command allows you
       to specify header fields which you don't normally want to see.

       You do not need to specify the full header field name.  For example, ``ignore
       content-'' will ignore all header fields that begin with the pattern ``con-
       tent-''. ``ignore *'' will ignore all headers.

       To remove a previously added token from the list, use the ``unignore'' command.
       The ``unignore'' command will make Mutt display headers with the given pattern.
       For example, if you do ``ignore x-'' it is possible to ``unignore x-mailer''.

       ``unignore *'' will remove all tokens from the ignore list.

       For example:

            # Sven's draconian header weeding
            ignore *
            unignore from date subject to cc
            unignore organization organisation x-mailer: x-newsreader: x-mailing-list:
            unignore posted-to:

       _\b3_\b._\b9  _\bA_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bv_\be _\ba_\bd_\bd_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\be_\bs

       Usage: [un]alternates _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp [ _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp ... ]

       With various functions, mutt will treat messages differently, depending on
       whether you sent them or whether you received them from someone else.  For

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    24

       instance, when replying to a message that you sent to a different party, mutt
       will automatically suggest to send the response to the original message's
       recipients -- responding to yourself won't make much sense in many cases.  (See
       _\b$_\br_\be_\bp_\bl_\by_\b__\bt_\bo (section 6.3.226  , page 119).)

       Many users receive e-mail under a number of different addresses. To fully use
       mutt's features here, the program must be able to recognize what e-mail
       addresses you receive mail under. That's the purpose of the alternates command:
       It takes a list of regular expressions, each of which can identify an address
       under which you receive e-mail.

       The unalternates command can be used to write exceptions to alternates pat-
       terns. If an address matches something in an alternates command, but you none-
       theless do not think it is from you, you can list a more precise pattern under
       an unalternates command.

       To remove a regular expression from the alternates list, use the unalternates
       command with exactly the same _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp.  Likewise, if the _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp for a alternates
       command matches an entry on the unalternates list, that unalternates entry will
       be removed. If the _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp for unalternates is ``*'', _\ba_\bl_\bl _\be_\bn_\bt_\br_\bi_\be_\bs on alternates
       will be removed.

       _\b3_\b._\b1_\b0  _\bM_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bs

       Usage: [un]lists _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp [ _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp ... ]

       Usage: [un]subscribe _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp [ _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp ... ]

       Mutt has a few nice features for _\bh_\ba_\bn_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bs (section 4.9  , page
       44).  In order to take advantage of them, you must specify which addresses
       belong to mailing lists, and which mailing lists you are subscribed to.  Once
       you have done this, the _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b-_\br_\be_\bp_\bl_\by (section 2.3.4  , page 8) function will work
       for all known lists.  Additionally, when you send a message to a subscribed
       list, mutt will add a Mail-Followup-To header to tell other users' mail user
       agents not to send copies of replies to your personal address.   Note that the
       Mail-Followup-To header is a non-standard extension which is not supported by
       all mail user agents.  Adding it is not bullet-proof against receiving personal
       CCs of list messages.  Also note that the generation of the Mail-Followup-To
       header is controlled by the _\b$_\bf_\bo_\bl_\bl_\bo_\bw_\bu_\bp_\b__\bt_\bo (section 6.3.67  , page 80) configura-
       tion variable.

       More precisely, Mutt maintains lists of patterns for the addresses of known and
       subscribed mailing lists.  Every subscribed mailing list is known. To mark a
       mailing list as known, use the ``lists'' command.  To mark it as subscribed,
       use ``subscribe''.

       You can use regular expressions with both commands.  To mark all messages sent
       to a specific bug report's address on mutt's bug tracking system as list mail,
       for instance, you could say ``subscribe [0-9]*@bugs.guug.de''.  Often, it's
       sufficient to just give a portion of the list's e-mail address.

       Specify as much of the address as you need to to remove ambiguity.  For exam-
       ple, if you've subscribed to the Mutt mailing list, you will receive mail
       addressed to _\bm_\bu_\bt_\bt_\b-_\bu_\bs_\be_\br_\bs_\b@_\bm_\bu_\bt_\bt_\b._\bo_\br_\bg.  So, to tell Mutt that this is a mailing

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    25

       list, you could add ``lists mutt-users'' to your initialization file.  To tell
       mutt that you are subscribed to it, add ``subscribe mutt-users'' to your ini-
       tialization file instead.  If you also happen to get mail from someone whose
       address is _\bm_\bu_\bt_\bt_\b-_\bu_\bs_\be_\br_\bs_\b@_\be_\bx_\ba_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be_\b._\bc_\bo_\bm, you could use ``lists mutt-
       users@mutt\\.org'' or ``subscribe mutt-users@mutt\\.org'' to match only mail
       from the actual list.

       The ``unlists'' command is used to remove a token from the list of known and
       subscribed mailing-lists. Use ``unlists *'' to remove all tokens.

       To remove a mailing list from the list of subscribed mailing lists, but keep it
       on the list of known mailing lists, use ``unsubscribe''.

       _\b3_\b._\b1_\b1  _\bU_\bs_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bM_\bu_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bp_\bl_\be _\bs_\bp_\bo_\bo_\bl _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bb_\bo_\bx_\be_\bs

       Usage: mbox-hook [!]_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bb_\bo_\bx

       This command is used to move read messages from a specified mailbox to a dif-
       ferent mailbox automatically when you quit or change folders.  _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn is a
       regular expression specifying the mailbox to treat as a ``spool'' mailbox and
       _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bb_\bo_\bx specifies where mail should be saved when read.

       Unlike some of the other _\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk commands, only the _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt matching pattern is used
       (it is not possible to save read mail in more than a single mailbox).

       _\b3_\b._\b1_\b2  _\bD_\be_\bf_\bi_\bn_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bb_\bo_\bx_\be_\bs _\bw_\bh_\bi_\bc_\bh _\br_\be_\bc_\be_\bi_\bv_\be _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl

       Usage: [un]mailboxes [!]_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [ _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ... ]

       This command specifies folders which can receive mail and which will be checked
       for new messages.  By default, the main menu status bar displays how many of
       these folders have new messages.

       When changing folders, pressing _\bs_\bp_\ba_\bc_\be will cycle through folders with new mail.

       Pressing TAB in the directory browser will bring up a menu showing the files
       specified by the mailboxes command, and indicate which contain new messages.
       Mutt will automatically enter this mode when invoked from the command line with
       the -y option.

       The ``unmailboxes'' command is used to remove a token from the list of folders
       which receive mail. Use ``unmailboxes *'' to remove all tokens.

       N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: new mail is detected by comparing the last modification time to the last
       access time.  Utilities like biff or frm or any other program which accesses
       the mailbox might cause Mutt to never detect new mail for that mailbox if they
       do not properly reset the access time.  Backup tools are another common reason
       for updated access times.

       N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: the filenames in the mailboxes command are resolved when the command is
       executed, so if these names contain _\bs_\bh_\bo_\br_\bt_\bc_\bu_\bt _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br_\bs (section 4.8  , page
       44) (such as ``='' and ``!''), any variable definition that affect these char-
       acters (like _\b$_\bf_\bo_\bl_\bd_\be_\br (section 6.3.65  , page 79) and _\b$_\bs_\bp_\bo_\bo_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be (section
       6.3.291  , page 135)) should be executed before the mailboxes command.

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    26

       _\b3_\b._\b1_\b3  _\bU_\bs_\be_\br _\bd_\be_\bf_\bi_\bn_\be_\bd _\bh_\be_\ba_\bd_\be_\br_\bs

       Usage:

       my_hdr _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg

       unmy_hdr _\bf_\bi_\be_\bl_\bd [ _\bf_\bi_\be_\bl_\bd ... ]

       The ``my_hdr'' command allows you to create your own header fields which will
       be added to every message you send.

       For example, if you would like to add an ``Organization:'' header field to all
       of your outgoing messages, you can put the command

            my_hdr Organization: A Really Big Company, Anytown, USA

       in your .muttrc.

       N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b:  space characters are _\bn_\bo_\bt allowed between the keyword and the colon
       (``:'').  The standard for electronic mail (RFC822) says that space is illegal
       there, so Mutt enforces the rule.

       If you would like to add a header field to a single message, you should either
       set the _\be_\bd_\bi_\bt_\b__\bh_\be_\ba_\bd_\be_\br_\bs (section 6.3.56  , page 77) variable, or use the _\be_\bd_\bi_\bt_\b-
       _\bh_\be_\ba_\bd_\be_\br_\bs function (default: ``E'') in the send-menu so that you can edit the
       header of your message along with the body.

       To remove user defined header fields, use the ``unmy_hdr'' command.  You may
       specify an asterisk (``*'') to remove all header fields, or the fields to
       remove.  For example, to remove all ``To'' and ``Cc'' header fields, you could
       use:

            unmy_hdr to cc

       _\b3_\b._\b1_\b4  _\bD_\be_\bf_\bi_\bn_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bt_\bh_\be _\bo_\br_\bd_\be_\br _\bo_\bf _\bh_\be_\ba_\bd_\be_\br_\bs _\bw_\bh_\be_\bn _\bv_\bi_\be_\bw_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bm_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be_\bs

       Usage: hdr_order _\bh_\be_\ba_\bd_\be_\br_\b1 _\bh_\be_\ba_\bd_\be_\br_\b2 _\bh_\be_\ba_\bd_\be_\br_\b3

       With this command, you can specify an order in which mutt will attempt to
       present headers to you when viewing messages.

       ``unhdr_order *'' will clear all previous headers from the order list, thus
       removing the header order effects set by the system-wide startup file.

            hdr_order From Date: From: To: Cc: Subject:

       _\b3_\b._\b1_\b5  _\bS_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\bf_\by _\bd_\be_\bf_\ba_\bu_\bl_\bt _\bs_\ba_\bv_\be _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    27

       Usage: save-hook [!]_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be

       This command is used to override the default filename used when saving mes-
       sages.  _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be will be used as the default filename if the message is _\bF_\br_\bo_\bm_\b:
       an address matching _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp or if you are the author and the message is
       addressed _\bt_\bo_\b: something matching _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp.

       See _\bM_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be _\bM_\ba_\bt_\bc_\bh_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bi_\bn _\bH_\bo_\bo_\bk_\bs (section 4.4.1  , page 41) for information on the
       exact format of _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn.

       Examples:

            save-hook me@(turing\\.)?cs\\.hmc\\.edu$ +elkins
            save-hook aol\\.com$ +spam

       Also see the _\bf_\bc_\bc_\b-_\bs_\ba_\bv_\be_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 3.17  , page 27) command.

       _\b3_\b._\b1_\b6  _\bS_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\bf_\by _\bd_\be_\bf_\ba_\bu_\bl_\bt _\bF_\bc_\bc_\b: _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bb_\bo_\bx _\bw_\bh_\be_\bn _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bn_\bg

       Usage: fcc-hook [!]_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bb_\bo_\bx

       This command is used to save outgoing mail in a mailbox other than _\b$_\br_\be_\bc_\bo_\br_\bd
       (section 6.3.223  , page 119).  Mutt searches the initial list of message
       recipients for the first matching _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp and uses _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bb_\bo_\bx as the default Fcc:
       mailbox.  If no match is found the message will be saved to _\b$_\br_\be_\bc_\bo_\br_\bd (section
       6.3.223  , page 119) mailbox.

       See _\bM_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be _\bM_\ba_\bt_\bc_\bh_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bi_\bn _\bH_\bo_\bo_\bk_\bs (section 4.4.1  , page 41) for information on the
       exact format of _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn.

       Example: fcc-hook [@.]aol\\.com$ +spammers

       The above will save a copy of all messages going to the aol.com domain to the
       `+spammers' mailbox by default.  Also see the _\bf_\bc_\bc_\b-_\bs_\ba_\bv_\be_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 3.17  ,
       page 27) command.

       _\b3_\b._\b1_\b7  _\bS_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\bf_\by _\bd_\be_\bf_\ba_\bu_\bl_\bt _\bs_\ba_\bv_\be _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\ba_\bn_\bd _\bd_\be_\bf_\ba_\bu_\bl_\bt _\bF_\bc_\bc_\b: _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bb_\bo_\bx _\ba_\bt _\bo_\bn_\bc_\be

       Usage: fcc-save-hook [!]_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bb_\bo_\bx

       This command is a shortcut, equivalent to doing both a _\bf_\bc_\bc_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section
       3.16  , page 27) and a _\bs_\ba_\bv_\be_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 3.15  , page 26) with its arguments.

       _\b3_\b._\b1_\b8  _\bC_\bh_\ba_\bn_\bg_\be _\bs_\be_\bt_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg_\bs _\bb_\ba_\bs_\be_\bd _\bu_\bp_\bo_\bn _\bm_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be _\br_\be_\bc_\bi_\bp_\bi_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs

       Usage: reply-hook [!]_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd

       Usage: send-hook [!]_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd

       Usage: send2-hook [!]_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd

       These commands can be used to execute arbitrary configuration commands based

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    28

       upon recipients of the message.  _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn is a regular expression matching the
       desired address.  _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is executed when _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp matches recipients of the
       message.

       reply-hook is matched against the message you are _\br_\be_\bp_\bl_\by_\bi_\bn_\bg t\bto\bo, instead of the
       message you are _\bs_\be_\bn_\bd_\bi_\bn_\bg.  send-hook is matched against all messages, both _\bn_\be_\bw
       and _\br_\be_\bp_\bl_\bi_\be_\bs.  N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: reply-hooks are matched b\bbe\bef\bfo\bor\bre\be the send-hook, r\bre\beg\bga\bar\brd\bdl\ble\bes\bss\bs of
       the order specified in the users's configuration file.

       send2-hook is matched every time a message is changed, either by editing it, or
       by using the compose menu to change its recipients or subject.  send2-hook is
       executed after send-hook, and can, e.g., be used to set parameters such as the
       _\b$_\bs_\be_\bn_\bd_\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl (section 6.3.241  , page 123) variable depending on the message's
       sender address.

       For each type of send-hook or reply-hook, when multiple matches occur, commands
       are executed in the order they are specified in the muttrc (for that type of
       hook).

       See _\bM_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be _\bM_\ba_\bt_\bc_\bh_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bi_\bn _\bH_\bo_\bo_\bk_\bs (section 4.4.1  , page 41) for information on the
       exact format of _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn.

       Example: send-hook mutt 'set mime_forward signature='''

       Another typical use for this command is to change the values of the _\b$_\ba_\bt_\bt_\br_\bi_\bb_\bu_\b-
       _\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn (section 6.3.17  , page 69), _\b$_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\ba_\bt_\bu_\br_\be (section 6.3.255  , page 126) and
       _\b$_\bl_\bo_\bc_\ba_\bl_\be (section 6.3.117  , page 94) variables in order to change the language
       of the attributions and signatures based upon the recipients.

       N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: the send-hook's are only executed ONCE after getting the initial list of
       recipients.  Adding a recipient after replying or editing the message will NOT
       cause any send-hook to be executed.  Also note that my_hdr commands which mod-
       ify recipient headers, or the message's subject, don't have any effect on the
       current message when executed from a send-hook.

       _\b3_\b._\b1_\b9  _\bC_\bh_\ba_\bn_\bg_\be _\bs_\be_\bt_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg_\bs _\bb_\be_\bf_\bo_\br_\be _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg _\ba _\bm_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be

       Usage: message-hook [!]_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd

       This command can be used to execute arbitrary configuration commands before
       viewing or formatting a message based upon information about the message.  _\bc_\bo_\bm_\b-
       _\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is executed if the _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn matches the message to be displayed. When mul-
       tiple matches occur, commands are executed in the order they are specified in
       the muttrc.

       See _\bM_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be _\bM_\ba_\bt_\bc_\bh_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bi_\bn _\bH_\bo_\bo_\bk_\bs (section 4.4.1  , page 41) for information on the
       exact format of _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn.

       Example:

            message-hook ~A 'set pager=builtin'
            message-hook '~f freshmeat-news' 'set pager="less \"+/^  subject: .*\""'

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    29

       _\b3_\b._\b2_\b0  _\bC_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bt_\bh_\be _\bc_\br_\by_\bp_\bt_\bo_\bg_\br_\ba_\bp_\bh_\bi_\bc _\bk_\be_\by _\bo_\bf _\bt_\bh_\be _\br_\be_\bc_\bi_\bp_\bi_\be_\bn_\bt

       Usage: crypt-hook _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn _\bk_\be_\by_\bi_\bd

       When encrypting messages with PGP or OpenSSL, you may want to associate a cer-
       tain key with a given e-mail address automatically, either because the recipi-
       ent's public key can't be deduced from the destination address, or because, for
       some reasons, you need to override the key Mutt would normally use.  The crypt-
       hook command provides a method by which you can specify the ID of the public
       key to be used when encrypting messages to a certain recipient.

       The meaning of "key id" is to be taken broadly in this context:  You can either
       put a numerical key ID here, an e-mail address, or even just a real name.

       _\b3_\b._\b2_\b1  _\bA_\bd_\bd_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bk_\be_\by _\bs_\be_\bq_\bu_\be_\bn_\bc_\be_\bs _\bt_\bo _\bt_\bh_\be _\bk_\be_\by_\bb_\bo_\ba_\br_\bd _\bb_\bu_\bf_\bf_\be_\br

       Usage: push _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg

       This command adds the named string to the keyboard buffer. The string may con-
       tain control characters, key names and function names like the sequence string
       in the _\bm_\ba_\bc_\br_\bo (section 3.6  , page 20) command. You may use it to automatically
       run a sequence of commands at startup, or when entering certain folders.

       _\b3_\b._\b2_\b2  _\bE_\bx_\be_\bc_\bu_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\bs

       Usage: exec _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn [ _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn ... ]

       This command can be used to execute any function. Functions are listed in the
       _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\br_\be_\bf_\be_\br_\be_\bn_\bc_\be (section 6.4  , page 146).  ``exec function'' is equivalent
       to ``push <function>''.

       _\b3_\b._\b2_\b3  _\bM_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be _\bS_\bc_\bo_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg

       Usage: score _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be

       Usage: unscore _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn [ _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn ... ]

       The score commands adds _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be to a message's score if _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn matches it.  _\bp_\ba_\bt_\b-
       _\bt_\be_\br_\bn is a string in the format described in the _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\bs (section 4.2  , page
       36) section (note: For efficiency reasons, patterns which scan information not
       available in the index, such as ~b, ~B or ~h, may not be used).  _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is a
       positive or negative integer.  A message's final score is the sum total of all
       matching score entries.  However, you may optionally prefix _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be with an equal
       sign (=) to cause evaluation to stop at a particular entry if there is a match.
       Negative final scores are rounded up to 0.

       The unscore command removes score entries from the list.  You m\bmu\bus\bst\bt specify the
       same pattern specified in the score command for it to be removed.  The pattern
       ``*'' is a special token which means to clear the list of all score entries.

       _\b3_\b._\b2_\b4  _\bS_\bp_\ba_\bm _\bd_\be_\bt_\be_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn

       Usage: spam _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    30

       Usage: nospam _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn

       Mutt has generalized support for external spam-scoring filters.  By defining
       your spam patterns with the spam and nospam commands, you can _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt, _\bs_\be_\ba_\br_\bc_\bh,
       and _\bs_\bo_\br_\bt your mail based on its spam attributes, as determined by the external
       filter. You also can display the spam attributes in your index display using
       the %H selector in the _\b$_\bi_\bn_\bd_\be_\bx_\b__\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt (section 6.3.112  , page 91) variable.
       (Tip: try %?H?[%H] ?  to display spam tags only when they are defined for a
       given message.)

       Your first step is to define your external filter's spam patterns using the
       spam command. _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn should be a regular expression that matches a header in a
       mail message. If any message in the mailbox matches this regular expression, it
       will receive a ``spam tag'' or ``spam attribute'' (unless it also matches a
       nospam pattern -- see below.) The appearance of this attribute is entirely up
       to you, and is governed by the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt parameter. _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt can be any static text,
       but it also can include back-references from the _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn expression. (A regular
       expression ``back-reference'' refers to a sub-expression contained within
       parentheses.) %1 is replaced with the first back-reference in the regex, %2
       with the second, etc.

       If you're using multiple spam filters, a message can have more than one spam-
       related header. You can define spam patterns for each filter you use. If a mes-
       sage matches two or more of these patterns, and the $spam_separator variable is
       set to a string, then the message's spam tag will consist of all the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt
       strings joined together, with the value of $spam_separator separating them.

       For example, suppose I use DCC, SpamAssassin, and PureMessage. I might define
       these spam settings:

            spam "X-DCC-.*-Metrics:.*(....)=many"         "90+/DCC-%1"
            spam "X-Spam-Status: Yes"                     "90+/SA"
            spam "X-PerlMX-Spam: .*Probability=([0-9]+)%" "%1/PM"
            set spam_separator=", "

       If I then received a message that DCC registered with ``many'' hits under the
       ``Fuz2'' checksum, and that PureMessage registered with a 97% probability of
       being spam, that message's spam tag would read 90+/DCC-Fuz2, 97/PM. (The four
       characters before ``=many'' in a DCC report indicate the checksum used -- in
       this case, ``Fuz2''.)

       If the $spam_separator variable is unset, then each spam pattern match super-
       sedes the previous one. Instead of getting joined _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt strings, you'll get
       only the last one to match.

       The spam tag is what will be displayed in the index when you use %H in the
       $index_format variable. It's also the string that the ~H pattern-matching
       expression matches against for _\bs_\be_\ba_\br_\bc_\bh and _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt functions. And it's what sort-
       ing by spam attribute will use as a sort key.

       That's a pretty complicated example, and most people's actual environments will
       have only one spam filter. The simpler your configuration, the more effective
       mutt can be, especially when it comes to sorting.

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    31

       Generally, when you sort by spam tag, mutt will sort _\bl_\be_\bx_\bi_\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\by -- that is, by
       ordering strings alphnumerically. However, if a spam tag begins with a number,
       mutt will sort numerically first, and lexically only when two numbers are equal
       in value. (This is like UNIX's sort -n.) A message with no spam attributes at
       all -- that is, one that didn't match _\ba_\bn_\by of your spam patterns -- is sorted at
       lowest priority. Numbers are sorted next, beginning with 0 and ranging upward.
       Finally, non-numeric strings are sorted, with ``a'' taking lower priority than
       ``z''. Clearly, in general, sorting by spam tags is most effective when you can
       coerce your filter to give you a raw number. But in case you can't, mutt can
       still do something useful.

       The nospam command can be used to write exceptions to spam patterns. If a
       header pattern matches something in a spam command, but you nonetheless do not
       want it to receive a spam tag, you can list a more precise pattern under a
       nospam command.

       If the _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn given to nospam is exactly the same as the _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn on an exist-
       ing spam list entry, the effect will be to remove the entry from the spam list,
       instead of adding an exception.  Likewise, if the _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn for a spam command
       matches an entry on the nospam list, that nospam entry will be removed. If the
       _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn for nospam is ``*'', _\ba_\bl_\bl _\be_\bn_\bt_\br_\bi_\be_\bs _\bo_\bn _\bb_\bo_\bt_\bh _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bs will be removed. This
       might be the default action if you use spam and nospam in conjunction with a
       folder-hook.

       You can have as many spam or nospam commands as you like.  You can even do your
       own primitive spam detection within mutt -- for example, if you consider all
       mail from MAILER-DAEMON to be spam, you can use a spam command like this:

            spam "^From: .*MAILER-DAEMON"       "999"

       _\b3_\b._\b2_\b5  _\bS_\be_\bt_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be_\bs

       Usage: set [no|inv]_\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] [ _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be ... ]

       Usage: toggle _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be [_\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be ... ]

       Usage: unset _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be [_\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be ... ]

       Usage: reset _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be [_\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be ... ]

       This command is used to set (and unset) _\bc_\bo_\bn_\bf_\bi_\bg_\bu_\br_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be_\bs (section 6.3  ,
       page 64).  There are four basic types of variables: boolean, number, string and
       quadoption.  _\bb_\bo_\bo_\bl_\be_\ba_\bn variables can be _\bs_\be_\bt (true) or _\bu_\bn_\bs_\be_\bt (false).  _\bn_\bu_\bm_\bb_\be_\br
       variables can be assigned a positive integer value.

       _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg variables consist of any number of printable characters.  _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\bs must
       be enclosed in quotes if they contain spaces or tabs.  You may also use the
       ``C'' escape sequences \\b\n\bn and \\b\t\bt for newline and tab, respectively.

       _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bd_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn variables are used to control whether or not to be prompted for cer-
       tain actions, or to specify a default action.  A value of _\by_\be_\bs will cause the
       action to be carried out automatically as if you had answered yes to the

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    32

       question.  Similarly, a value of _\bn_\bo will cause the the action to be carried out
       as if you had answered ``no.''  A value of _\ba_\bs_\bk_\b-_\by_\be_\bs will cause a prompt with a
       default answer of ``yes'' and _\ba_\bs_\bk_\b-_\bn_\bo will provide a default answer of ``no.''

       Prefixing a variable with ``no'' will unset it.  Example: set noaskbcc.

       For _\bb_\bo_\bo_\bl_\be_\ba_\bn variables, you may optionally prefix the variable name with inv to
       toggle the value (on or off).  This is useful when writing macros.  Example:
       set invsmart_wrap.

       The toggle command automatically prepends the inv prefix to all specified vari-
       ables.

       The unset command automatically prepends the no prefix to all specified vari-
       ables.

       Using the enter-command function in the _\bi_\bn_\bd_\be_\bx menu, you can query the value of
       a variable by prefixing the name of the variable with a question mark:

            set ?allow_8bit

       The question mark is actually only required for boolean and quadoption vari-
       ables.

       The reset command resets all given variables to the compile time defaults
       (hopefully mentioned in this manual). If you use the command set and prefix the
       variable with ``&'' this has the same behavior as the reset command.

       With the reset command there exists the special variable ``all'', which allows
       you to reset all variables to their system defaults.

       _\b3_\b._\b2_\b6  _\bR_\be_\ba_\bd_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bi_\bn_\bi_\bt_\bi_\ba_\bl_\bi_\bz_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\bs _\bf_\br_\bo_\bm _\ba_\bn_\bo_\bt_\bh_\be_\br _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be

       Usage: source _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [ _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ... ]

       This command allows the inclusion of initialization commands from other files.
       For example, I place all of my aliases in ~/.mail_aliases so that I can make my
       ~/.muttrc readable and keep my aliases private.

       If the filename begins with a tilde (``~''), it will be expanded to the path of
       your home directory.

       If the filename ends with a vertical bar (|), then _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is considered to be
       an executable program from which to read input (eg.  source ~/bin/myscript|).

       _\b3_\b._\b2_\b7  _\bC_\bo_\bn_\bf_\bi_\bg_\bu_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bf_\be_\ba_\bt_\bu_\br_\be_\bs _\bc_\bo_\bn_\bd_\bi_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\ba_\bl_\bl_\by

       Usage: ifdef _\bi_\bt_\be_\bm _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd Usage: ifndef _\bi_\bt_\be_\bm _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd

       These command allows to test if a variable, function or certain feature is
       available or not respectively, before actually executing the command.  ifdef
       (short for ``if defined) handles commands if upon availability while ifndef

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    33

       (short for ``if not defined'') does if not. The _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd may be any valid frac-
       tion of a configuration file.

       All names of variables and functions may be tested. Additionally, the following
       compile-features may be tested when prefixed with 'feature_': ncurses, slang,
       iconv, idn, dotlock, standalone, pop, nntp, imap, ssl, gnutls, sasl, sasl2,
       libesmtp, compressed, color, classic_pgp, classic_smime, gpgme, header_cache.

       Examples follow.

       To only source a file with IMAP related settings only if IMAP support is com-
       piled in, use:

            ifdef feature_imap 'source ~/.mutt-ng/imap_setup'
            # or
            # ifdef imap_user 'source ~/.mutt-ng/imap_setup'
            # or
            # ...

       To exit mutt-ng directly if no NNTP support is compiled in:

            ifndef feature_nntp 'push q'
            # or
            # ifndef newsrc 'push q'
            # or
            # ...

       To only set the _\b<_\b$_\bi_\bm_\ba_\bp_\b__\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\b__\bc_\bh_\be_\bc_\bk (section 6.3.101  , page 88) when the sys-
       tem's SVN is recent enough to have it:

            ifdef imap_mail_check 'set imap_mail_check=300'

       _\b3_\b._\b2_\b8  _\bR_\be_\bm_\bo_\bv_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk_\bs

       Usage: unhook [ * | _\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk_\b-_\bt_\by_\bp_\be ]

       This command permits you to flush hooks you have previously defined.  You can
       either remove all hooks by giving the ``*'' character as an argument, or you
       can remove all hooks of a specific type by saying something like unhook send-
       hook.

       _\b4_\b.  _\bA_\bd_\bv_\ba_\bn_\bc_\be_\bd _\bU_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be

       _\b4_\b._\b1  _\bR_\be_\bg_\bu_\bl_\ba_\br _\bE_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\bs

       All string patterns in Mutt including those in more complex _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\bs (section
       4.2  , page 36) must be specified using regular expressions (regexp) in the
       ``POSIX extended'' syntax (which is more or less the syntax used by egrep and
       GNU awk).  For your convenience, we have included below a brief description of
       this syntax.

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    34

       The search is case sensitive if the pattern contains at least one upper case
       letter, and case insensitive otherwise. Note that ``\'' must be quoted if used
       for a regular expression in an initialization command: ``\\''.

       A regular expression is a pattern that describes a set of strings.  Regular
       expressions are constructed analogously to arithmetic expressions, by using
       various operators to combine smaller expressions.

       Note that the regular expression can be enclosed/delimited by either ' or '
       which is useful if the regular expression includes a white-space character.
       See _\bS_\by_\bn_\bt_\ba_\bx _\bo_\bf _\bI_\bn_\bi_\bt_\bi_\ba_\bl_\bi_\bz_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bF_\bi_\bl_\be_\bs (section 3.1  , page 14) for more informa-
       tion on ' and ' delimiter processing.  To match a literal ' or ' you must pref-
       ace it with \ (backslash).

       The fundamental building blocks are the regular expressions that match a single
       character.  Most characters, including all letters and digits, are regular
       expressions that match themselves.  Any metacharacter with special meaning may
       be quoted by preceding it with a backslash.

       The period ``.'' matches any single character.  The caret ``^'' and the dollar
       sign ``$'' are metacharacters that respectively match the empty string at the
       beginning and end of a line.

       A list of characters enclosed by ``['' and ``]'' matches any single character
       in that list; if the first character of the list is a caret ``^'' then it
       matches any character n\bno\bot\bt in the list.  For example, the regular expression
       [\b[0\b01\b12\b23\b34\b45\b56\b67\b78\b89\b9]\b] matches any single digit.  A range of ASCII characters may be
       specified by giving the first and last characters, separated by a hyphen ``-''.
       Most metacharacters lose their special meaning inside lists.  To include a lit-
       eral ``]'' place it first in the list.  Similarly, to include a literal ``^''
       place it anywhere but first.  Finally, to include a literal hyphen ``-'' place
       it last.

       Certain named classes of characters are predefined.  Character classes consist
       of ``[:'', a keyword denoting the class, and ``:]''.  The following classes are
       defined by the POSIX standard:

             [:alnum:]
                   Alphanumeric characters.

             [:alpha:]
                   Alphabetic characters.

             [:blank:]
                   Space or tab characters.

             [:cntrl:]
                   Control characters.

             [:digit:]
                   Numeric characters.

             [:graph:]
                   Characters that are both printable and visible.  (A space is

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    35

                   printable, but not visible, while an ``a'' is both.)

             [:lower:]
                   Lower-case alphabetic characters.

             [:print:]
                   Printable characters (characters that are not control characters.)

             [:punct:]
                   Punctuation characters (characters that are not letter, digits,
                   control characters, or space characters).

             [:space:]
                   Space characters (such as space, tab and formfeed, to name a few).

             [:upper:]
                   Upper-case alphabetic characters.

             [:xdigit:]
                   Characters that are hexadecimal digits.

       A character class is only valid in a regular expression inside the brackets of
       a character list.  Note that the brackets in these class names are part of the
       symbolic names, and must be included in addition to the brackets delimiting the
       bracket list.  For example, [\b[[\b[:\b:d\bdi\big\bgi\bit\bt:\b:]\b]]\b] is equivalent to [\b[0\b0-\b-9\b9]\b].

       Two additional special sequences can appear in character lists.  These apply to
       non-ASCII character sets, which can have single symbols (called collating ele-
       ments) that are represented with more than one character, as well as several
       characters that are equivalent for collating or sorting purposes:

             Collating Symbols
                   A collating symbol is a multi-character collating element enclosed
                   in ``[.'' and ``.]''.  For example, if ``ch'' is a collating ele-
                   ment, then [\b[[\b[.\b.c\bch\bh.\b.]\b]]\b] is a regexp that matches this collating ele-
                   ment, while [\b[c\bch\bh]\b] is a regexp that matches either ``c'' or ``h''.

             Equivalence Classes
                   An equivalence class is a locale-specific name for a list of char-
                   acters that are equivalent. The name is enclosed in ``[='' and
                   ``=]''.  For example, the name ``e'' might be used to represent all
                   of ``'' ``'' and ``e''.  In this case, [\b[[\b[=\b=e\be=\b=]\b]]\b] is a regexp that
                   matches any of ``'', ``'' and ``e''.

       A regular expression matching a single character may be followed by one of sev-
       eral repetition operators:

             ?
                   The preceding item is optional and matched at most once.

             *
                   The preceding item will be matched zero or more times.

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    36

             +
                   The preceding item will be matched one or more times.

             {n}
                   The preceding item is matched exactly _\bn times.

             {n,}
                   The preceding item is matched _\bn or more times.

             {,m}
                   The preceding item is matched at most _\bm times.

             {n,m}
                   The preceding item is matched at least _\bn times, but no more than _\bm
                   times.

       Two regular expressions may be concatenated; the resulting regular expression
       matches any string formed by concatenating two substrings that respectively
       match the concatenated subexpressions.

       Two regular expressions may be joined by the infix operator ``|''; the result-
       ing regular expression matches any string matching either subexpression.

       Repetition takes precedence over concatenation, which in turn takes precedence
       over alternation.  A whole subexpression may be enclosed in parentheses to
       override these precedence rules.

       N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: If you compile Mutt with the GNU _\br_\bx package, the following operators may
       also be used in regular expressions:

             \\y
                   Matches the empty string at either the beginning or the end of a
                   word.

             \\B
                   Matches the empty string within a word.

             \\<
                   Matches the empty string at the beginning of a word.

             \\>
                   Matches the empty string at the end of a word.

             \\w
                   Matches any word-constituent character (letter, digit, or under-
                   score).

             \\W
                   Matches any character that is not word-constituent.

             \\`
                   Matches the empty string at the beginning of a buffer (string).

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    37

             \\'
                   Matches the empty string at the end of a buffer.

       Please note however that these operators are not defined by POSIX, so they may
       or may not be available in stock libraries on various systems.

       _\b4_\b._\b2  _\bP_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\bs

       Many of Mutt's commands allow you to specify a pattern to match (limit, tag-
       pattern, delete-pattern, etc.).  There are several ways to select messages:

            ~A              all messages
            ~b EXPR         messages which contain EXPR in the message body
            ~B EXPR         messages which contain EXPR in the whole message
            ~c USER         messages carbon-copied to USER
            ~C EXPR         message is either to: or cc: EXPR
            ~D              deleted messages
            ~d [MIN]-[MAX]  messages with ``date-sent'' in a Date range
            ~E              expired messages
            ~e EXPR         message which contains EXPR in the ``Sender'' field
            ~F              flagged messages
            ~f USER         messages originating from USER
            ~g              cryptographically signed messages
            ~G              cryptographically encrypted messages
            ~H EXPR         messages with a spam attribute matching EXPR
            ~h EXPR         messages which contain EXPR in the message header
            ~k        message contains PGP key material
            ~i ID           message which match ID in the ``Message-ID'' field
            ~L EXPR         message is either originated or received by EXPR
            ~l              message is addressed to a known mailing list
            ~m [MIN]-[MAX]  message in the range MIN to MAX *)
            ~n [MIN]-[MAX]  messages with a score in the range MIN to MAX *)
            ~N              new messages
            ~O              old messages
            ~p              message is addressed to you (consults alternates)
            ~P              message is from you (consults alternates)
            ~Q              messages which have been replied to
            ~R              read messages
            ~r [MIN]-[MAX]  messages with ``date-received'' in a Date range
            ~S              superseded messages
            ~s SUBJECT      messages having SUBJECT in the ``Subject'' field.
            ~T              tagged messages
            ~t USER         messages addressed to USER
            ~U              unread messages
            ~v        message is part of a collapsed thread.
            ~V        cryptographically verified messages
            ~x EXPR         messages which contain EXPR in the `References' field
            ~y EXPR         messages which contain EXPR in the `X-Label' field
            ~z [MIN]-[MAX]  messages with a size in the range MIN to MAX *)
            ~=        duplicated messages (see $duplicate_threads)
            ~$        unreferenced messages (requires threaded view)
            ~*        ``From'' contains realname and (syntactically) valid
                      address (excluded are addresses matching against

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    38

                      alternates or any alias)

       Where EXPR, USER, ID, and SUBJECT are _\br_\be_\bg_\bu_\bl_\ba_\br _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn_\bs (section 4.1  , page
       33).  Special attention has to be made when using regular expressions inside of
       patterns.  Specifically, Mutt's parser for these patterns will strip one level
       of backslash (\), which is normally used for quoting.  If it is your intention
       to use a backslash in the regular expression, you will need to use two back-
       slashes instead (\\).

       *) The forms <[MAX], >[MIN], [MIN]- and -[MAX] are allowed, too.

       _\b4_\b._\b2_\b._\b1  _\bP_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn _\bM_\bo_\bd_\bi_\bf_\bi_\be_\br

       Note that patterns matching 'lists' of addresses (notably c,C,p,P and t) match
       if there is at least one match in the whole list. If you want to make sure that
       all elements of that list match, you need to prefix your pattern with ^.  This
       example matches all mails which only has recipients from Germany.

            ^~C \.de$

       _\b4_\b._\b2_\b._\b2  _\bC_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be_\bx _\bP_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\bs

       Logical AND is performed by specifying more than one criterion.  For example:

            ~t mutt ~f elkins

       would select messages which contain the word ``mutt'' in the list of recipients
       a\ban\bnd\bd that have the word ``elkins'' in the ``From'' header field.

       Mutt also recognizes the following operators to create more complex search pat-
       terns:

          +\bo ! -- logical NOT operator

          +\bo | -- logical OR operator

          +\bo () -- logical grouping operator

       Here is an example illustrating a complex search pattern.  This pattern will
       select all messages which do not contain ``mutt'' in the ``To'' or ``Cc'' field
       and which are from ``elkins''.

            !(~t mutt|~c mutt) ~f elkins

       Here is an example using white space in the regular expression (note the ' and
       ' delimiters).  For this to match, the mail's subject must match the ``^Junk
       +From +Me$'' and it must be from either ``Jim +Somebody'' or ``Ed

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    39

       +SomeoneElse'':

             '~s "^Junk +From +Me$" ~f ("Jim +Somebody"|"Ed +SomeoneElse")'

       Note that if a regular expression contains parenthesis, or a veritical bar
       ("|"), you m\bmu\bus\bst\bt enclose the expression in double or single quotes since those
       characters are also used to separate different parts of Mutt's pattern lan-
       guage.  For example,

            ~f "me@(mutt\.org|cs\.hmc\.edu)"

       Without the quotes, the parenthesis wouldn't end.  This would be separated to
       two OR'd patterns: _\b~_\bf _\bm_\be_\b@_\b(_\bm_\bu_\bt_\bt_\b\_\b._\bo_\br_\bg and _\bc_\bs_\b\_\b._\bh_\bm_\bc_\b\_\b._\be_\bd_\bu_\b). They are never what you
       want.

       _\b4_\b._\b2_\b._\b3  _\bS_\be_\ba_\br_\bc_\bh_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bb_\by _\bD_\ba_\bt_\be

       Mutt supports two types of dates, _\ba_\bb_\bs_\bo_\bl_\bu_\bt_\be and _\br_\be_\bl_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bv_\be.

       A\bAb\bbs\bso\bol\blu\but\bte\be.  Dates m\bmu\bus\bst\bt be in DD/MM/YY format (month and year are optional,
       defaulting to the current month and year).  An example of a valid range of
       dates is:

            Limit to messages matching: ~d 20/1/95-31/10

       If you omit the minimum (first) date, and just specify ``-DD/MM/YY'', all mes-
       sages _\bb_\be_\bf_\bo_\br_\be the given date will be selected.  If you omit the maximum (second)
       date, and specify ``DD/MM/YY-'', all messages _\ba_\bf_\bt_\be_\br the given date will be
       selected.  If you specify a single date with no dash (``-''), only messages
       sent on the given date will be selected.

       E\bEr\brr\bro\bor\br M\bMa\bar\brg\bgi\bin\bns\bs.  You can add error margins to absolute dates.  An error margin
       is a sign (+ or -), followed by a digit, followed by one of the following
       units:

            y    years
            m    months
            w    weeks
            d    days

       As a special case, you can replace the sign by a ``*'' character, which is
       equivalent to giving identical plus and minus error margins.

       Example: To select any messages two weeks around January 15, 2001, you'd use
       the following pattern:

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    40

            Limit to messages matching: ~d 15/1/2001*2w

       R\bRe\bel\bla\bat\bti\biv\bve\be.  This type of date is relative to the current date, and may be speci-
       fied as:

          +\bo >_\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt (messages older than _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt units)

          +\bo <_\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt (messages newer than _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt units)

          +\bo =_\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt (messages exactly _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt units old)

       _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt is specified as a positive number with one of the following units:

            y       years
            m       months
            w       weeks
            d       days

       Example: to select messages less than 1 month old, you would use

            Limit to messages matching: ~d <1m

       N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: all dates used when searching are relative to the l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl time zone, so
       unless you change the setting of your _\b$_\bi_\bn_\bd_\be_\bx_\b__\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt (section 6.3.112  , page
       91) to include a %[...] format, these are n\bno\bot\bt the dates shown in the main
       index.

       _\b4_\b._\b3  _\bU_\bs_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bT_\ba_\bg_\bs

       Sometimes it is desirable to perform an operation on a group of messages all at
       once rather than one at a time.  An example might be to save messages to a
       mailing list to a separate folder, or to delete all messages with a given sub-
       ject.  To tag all messages matching a pattern, use the tag-pattern function,
       which is bound to ``shift-T'' by default.  Or you can select individual mes-
       sages by hand using the ``tag-message'' function, which is bound to ``t'' by
       default.  See _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\bs (section 4.2  , page 36) for Mutt's pattern matching
       syntax.

       Once you have tagged the desired messages, you can use the ``tag-prefix'' oper-
       ator, which is the ``;'' (semicolon) key by default.  When the ``tag-prefix''
       operator is used, the n\bne\bex\bxt\bt operation will be applied to all tagged messages if
       that operation can be used in that manner.  If the _\b$_\ba_\bu_\bt_\bo_\b__\bt_\ba_\bg (section 6.3.18  ,
       page 69) variable is set, the next operation applies to the tagged messages
       automatically, without requiring the ``tag-prefix''.

       In _\bm_\ba_\bc_\br_\bo_\bs (section 3.6  , page 20) or _\bp_\bu_\bs_\bh (section 3.21  , page 29) commands,
       you can use the ``tag-prefix-cond'' operator.  If there are no tagged messages,
       mutt will "eat" the rest of the macro to abort it's execution.  Mutt will stop
       "eating" the macro when it encounters the ``end-cond'' operator;  after this
       operator the rest of the macro will be executed as normal.

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    41

       _\b4_\b._\b4  _\bU_\bs_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bH_\bo_\bo_\bk_\bs

       A _\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk is a concept borrowed from the EMACS editor which allows you to execute
       arbitrary commands before performing some operation.  For example, you may wish
       to tailor your configuration based upon which mailbox you are reading, or to
       whom you are sending mail.  In the Mutt world, a _\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk consists of a _\br_\be_\bg_\bu_\bl_\ba_\br
       _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn (section 4.1  , page 33) or _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn (section 4.2  , page 36) along
       with a configuration option/command.  See

          +\bo _\bf_\bo_\bl_\bd_\be_\br_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 3.5  , page 19)

          +\bo _\bs_\be_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 3.18  , page 27)

          +\bo _\bm_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 3.19  , page 28)

          +\bo _\bs_\ba_\bv_\be_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 3.15  , page 26)

          +\bo _\bm_\bb_\bo_\bx_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 3.11  , page 25)

          +\bo _\bf_\bc_\bc_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 3.16  , page 27)

          +\bo _\bf_\bc_\bc_\b-_\bs_\ba_\bv_\be_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 3.17  , page 27)

       for specific details on each type of _\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk available.

       N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: if a hook changes configuration settings, these changes remain effective
       until the end of the current mutt session. As this is generally not desired, a
       default hook needs to be added before all other hooks to restore configuration
       defaults. Here is an example with send-hook and the my_hdr directive:

            send-hook . 'unmy_hdr From:'
            send-hook ~C'^b@b\.b$' my_hdr from: c@c.c

       _\b4_\b._\b4_\b._\b1  _\bM_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be _\bM_\ba_\bt_\bc_\bh_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bi_\bn _\bH_\bo_\bo_\bk_\bs

       Hooks that act upon messages (send-hook, save-hook, fcc-hook, message-hook) are
       evaluated in a slightly different manner.  For the other types of hooks, a _\br_\be_\bg_\b-
       _\bu_\bl_\ba_\br _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn (section 4.1  , page 33) is sufficient.  But in dealing with
       messages a finer grain of control is needed for matching since for different
       purposes you want to match different criteria.

       Mutt allows the use of the _\bs_\be_\ba_\br_\bc_\bh _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn (section 4.2  , page 36) language for
       matching messages in hook commands.  This works in exactly the same way as it
       would when _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg or _\bs_\be_\ba_\br_\bc_\bh_\bi_\bn_\bg the mailbox, except that you are restricted to
       those operators which match information mutt extracts from the header of the
       message (i.e.  from, to, cc, date, subject, etc.).

       For example, if you wanted to set your return address based upon sending mail
       to a specific address, you could do something like:

            send-hook '~t ^me@cs\.hmc\.edu$' 'my_hdr From: Mutt User <user@host>'

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    42

       which would execute the given command when sending mail to _\bm_\be_\b@_\bc_\bs_\b._\bh_\bm_\bc_\b._\be_\bd_\bu.

       However, it is not required that you write the pattern to match using the full
       searching language.  You can still specify a simple _\br_\be_\bg_\bu_\bl_\ba_\br _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn like the
       other hooks, in which case Mutt will translate your pattern into the full lan-
       guage, using the translation specified by the _\b$_\bd_\be_\bf_\ba_\bu_\bl_\bt_\b__\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 6.3.47  ,
       page 75) variable.  The pattern is translated at the time the hook is declared,
       so the value of _\b$_\bd_\be_\bf_\ba_\bu_\bl_\bt_\b__\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 6.3.47  , page 75) that is in effect at
       that time will be used.

       _\b4_\b._\b5  _\bU_\bs_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bt_\bh_\be _\bs_\bi_\bd_\be_\bb_\ba_\br

       The sidebar, a feature specific to Mutt-ng, allows you to use a mailbox listing
       which looks very similar to the ones you probably know from GUI mail clients.
       The sidebar lists all specified mailboxes, shows the number in each and high-
       lights the ones with new email Use the following configuration commands:

            set sidebar_visible="yes"
            set sidebar_width=25

       If you want to specify the mailboxes you can do so with:

            set mbox='=INBOX'
            mailboxes INBOX \
                      MBOX1 \
                      MBOX2 \
                      ...

       You can also specify the colors for mailboxes with new mails by using:

            color sidebar_new red black
            color sidebar white black

       The available functions are:

            sidebar-scroll-up      Scrolls the mailbox list up 1 page
            sidebar-scroll-down    Scrolls the mailbox list down 1 page
            sidebar-next           Highlights the next mailbox
            sidebar-next-new       Highlights the next mailbox with new mail
            sidebar-previous       Highlights the previous mailbox
            sidebar-open           Opens the currently highlighted mailbox

       Reasonable key bindings look e.g. like this:

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    43

            bind index \Cp sidebar-prev
            bind index \Cn sidebar-next
            bind index \Cb sidebar-open
            bind pager \Cp sidebar-prev
            bind pager \Cn sidebar-next
            bind pager \Cb sidebar-open

            macro index B ':toggle sidebar_visible^M'
            macro pager B ':toggle sidebar_visible^M'

       You can then go up and down by pressing Ctrl-P and Ctrl-N, and switch on and
       off the sidebar simply by pressing 'B'.

       _\b4_\b._\b6  _\bE_\bx_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\ba_\bl _\bA_\bd_\bd_\br_\be_\bs_\bs _\bQ_\bu_\be_\br_\bi_\be_\bs

       Mutt supports connecting to external directory databases such as LDAP, ph/qi,
       bbdb, or NIS through a wrapper script which connects to mutt using a simple
       interface.  Using the _\b$_\bq_\bu_\be_\br_\by_\b__\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd (section 6.3.214  , page 117) variable,
       you specify the wrapper command to use.  For example:

            set query_command = "mutt_ldap_query.pl '%s'"

       The wrapper script should accept the query on the command-line.  It should
       return a one line message, then each matching response on a single line, each
       line containing a tab separated address then name then some other optional
       information.  On error, or if there are no matching addresses, return a non-
       zero exit code and a one line error message.

       An example multiple response output:

            Searching database ... 20 entries ... 3 matching:
            me@cs.hmc.edu           Michael Elkins  mutt dude
            blong@fiction.net       Brandon Long    mutt and more
            roessler@guug.de        Thomas Roessler mutt pgp

       There are two mechanisms for accessing the query function of mutt.  One is to
       do a query from the index menu using the query function (default: Q).  This
       will prompt for a query, then bring up the query menu which will list the
       matching responses.  From the query menu, you can select addresses to create
       aliases, or to mail.  You can tag multiple addresses to mail, start a new
       query, or have a new query appended to the current responses.

       The other mechanism for accessing the query function is for address completion,
       similar to the alias completion.  In any prompt for address entry, you can use
       the complete-query function (default: ^T) to run a query based on the current
       address you have typed.  Like aliases, mutt will look for what you have typed
       back to the last space or comma.  If there is a single response for that query,
       mutt will expand the address in place.  If there are multiple responses, mutt
       will activate the query menu.  At the query menu, you can select one or more
       addresses to be added to the prompt.

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    44

       _\b4_\b._\b7  _\bM_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bb_\bo_\bx _\bF_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt_\bs

       Mutt supports reading and writing of four different mailbox formats: mbox,
       MMDF, MH and Maildir.  The mailbox type is autodetected, so there is no need to
       use a flag for different mailbox types.  When creating new mailboxes, Mutt uses
       the default specified with the _\b$_\bm_\bb_\bo_\bx_\b__\bt_\by_\bp_\be (section 6.3.128  , page 96) vari-
       able.

       m\bmb\bbo\box\bx.  This is the most widely used mailbox format for UNIX.  All messages are
       stored in a single file.  Each message has a line of the form:

            From me@cs.hmc.edu Fri, 11 Apr 1997 11:44:56 PST

       to denote the start of a new message (this is often referred to as the
       ``From_'' line).

       M\bMM\bMD\bDF\bF.  This is a variant of the _\bm_\bb_\bo_\bx format.  Each message is surrounded by
       lines containing ``^A^A^A^A'' (four control-A's).

       M\bMH\bH. A radical departure from _\bm_\bb_\bo_\bx and _\bM_\bM_\bD_\bF, a mailbox consists of a directory
       and each message is stored in a separate file.  The filename indicates the mes-
       sage number (however, this is may not correspond to the message number Mutt
       displays). Deleted messages are renamed with a comma (,) prepended to the file-
       name. N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: Mutt detects this type of mailbox by looking for either
       .mh_sequences or .xmhcache (needed to distinguish normal directories from MH
       mailboxes).

       M\bMa\bai\bil\bld\bdi\bir\br.  The newest of the mailbox formats, used by the Qmail MTA (a replace-
       ment for sendmail).  Similar to _\bM_\bH, except that it adds three subdirectories of
       the mailbox: _\bt_\bm_\bp, _\bn_\be_\bw and _\bc_\bu_\br.  Filenames for the messages are chosen in such a
       way they are unique, even when two programs are writing the mailbox over NFS,
       which means that no file locking is needed.

       _\b4_\b._\b8  _\bM_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bb_\bo_\bx _\bS_\bh_\bo_\br_\bt_\bc_\bu_\bt_\bs

       There are a number of built in shortcuts which refer to specific mailboxes.
       These shortcuts can be used anywhere you are prompted for a file or mailbox
       path.

          +\bo ! -- refers to your _\b$_\bs_\bp_\bo_\bo_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be (section 6.3.291  , page 135) (incoming)
            mailbox

          +\bo > -- refers to your _\b$_\bm_\bb_\bo_\bx (section 6.3.127  , page 96) file

          +\bo < -- refers to your _\b$_\br_\be_\bc_\bo_\br_\bd (section 6.3.223  , page 119) file

          +\bo ^ -- refers to the current mailbox

          +\bo - or !! -- refers to the file you've last visited

          +\bo ~ -- refers to your home directory

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    45

          +\bo = or + -- refers to your _\b$_\bf_\bo_\bl_\bd_\be_\br (section 6.3.65  , page 79) directory

          +\bo @_\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs -- refers to the _\bd_\be_\bf_\ba_\bu_\bl_\bt _\bs_\ba_\bv_\be _\bf_\bo_\bl_\bd_\be_\br (section 3.15  , page 26) as
            determined by the address of the alias

       _\b4_\b._\b9  _\bH_\ba_\bn_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bM_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bL_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bs

       Mutt has a few configuration options that make dealing with large amounts of
       mail easier.  The first thing you must do is to let Mutt know what addresses
       you consider to be mailing lists (technically this does not have to be a mail-
       ing list, but that is what it is most often used for), and what lists you are
       subscribed to.  This is accomplished through the use of the _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bs _\ba_\bn_\bd _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bb_\be
       (section 3.10  , page 24) commands in your muttrc.

       Now that Mutt knows what your mailing lists are, it can do several things, the
       first of which is the ability to show the name of a list through which you
       received a message (i.e., of a subscribed list) in the _\bi_\bn_\bd_\be_\bx menu display.
       This is useful to distinguish between personal and list mail in the same mail-
       box.  In the _\b$_\bi_\bn_\bd_\be_\bx_\b__\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt (section 6.3.112  , page 91) variable, the escape
       ``%L'' will return the string ``To <list>'' when ``list'' appears in the ``To''
       field, and ``Cc <list>'' when it appears in the ``Cc'' field (otherwise it
       returns the name of the author).

       Often times the ``To'' and ``Cc'' fields in mailing list messages tend to get
       quite large. Most people do not bother to remove the author of the message they
       are reply to from the list, resulting in two or more copies being sent to that
       person.  The ``list-reply'' function, which by default is bound to ``L'' in the
       _\bi_\bn_\bd_\be_\bx menu and _\bp_\ba_\bg_\be_\br, helps reduce the clutter by only replying to the known
       mailing list addresses instead of all recipients (except as specified by Mail-
       Followup-To, see below).

       Mutt also supports the Mail-Followup-To header.  When you send a message to a
       list of recipients which includes one or several subscribed mailing lists, and
       if the _\b$_\bf_\bo_\bl_\bl_\bo_\bw_\bu_\bp_\b__\bt_\bo (section 6.3.67  , page 80) option is set, mutt will gener-
       ate a Mail-Followup-To header which contains all the recipients to whom you
       send this message, but not your address. This indicates that group-replies or
       list-replies (also known as ``followups'') to this message should only be sent
       to the original recipients of the message, and not separately to you - you'll
       receive your copy through one of the mailing lists you are subscribed to.

       Conversely, when group-replying or list-replying to a message which has a Mail-
       Followup-To header, mutt will respect this header if the _\b$_\bh_\bo_\bn_\bo_\br_\b__\bf_\bo_\bl_\bl_\bo_\bw_\bu_\bp_\b__\bt_\bo
       (section 6.3.91  , page 86) configuration variable is set.  Using list-reply
       will in this case also make sure that the reply goes to the mailing list, even
       if it's not specified in the list of recipients in the Mail-Followup-To.

       Note that, when header editing is enabled, you can create a Mail-Followup-To
       header manually.  Mutt will only auto-generate this header if it doesn't exist
       when you send the message.

       The other method some mailing list admins use is to generate a ``Reply-To''
       field which points back to the mailing list address rather than the author of
       the message.  This can create problems when trying to reply directly to the
       author in private, since most mail clients will automatically reply to the

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    46

       address given in the ``Reply-To'' field.  Mutt uses the _\b$_\br_\be_\bp_\bl_\by_\b__\bt_\bo (section
       6.3.226  , page 119) variable to help decide which address to use.  If set to
       _\ba_\bs_\bk_\b-_\by_\be_\bs or _\ba_\bs_\bk_\b-_\bn_\bo, you will be prompted as to whether or not you would like to
       use the address given in the ``Reply-To'' field, or reply directly to the
       address given in the ``From'' field.  When set to _\by_\be_\bs, the ``Reply-To'' field
       will be used when present.

       The ``X-Label:'' header field can be used to further identify mailing lists or
       list subject matter (or just to annotate messages individually).  The
       _\b$_\bi_\bn_\bd_\be_\bx_\b__\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt (section 6.3.112  , page 91) variable's ``%y'' and ``%Y'' escapes
       can be used to expand ``X-Label:'' fields in the index, and Mutt's pattern-
       matcher can match regular expressions to ``X-Label:'' fields with the `` y''
       selector.  ``X-Label:'' is not a standard message header field, but it can eas-
       ily be inserted by procmail and other mail filtering agents.

       Lastly, Mutt has the ability to _\bs_\bo_\br_\bt (section 6.3.285  , page 133) the mailbox
       into _\bt_\bh_\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bs (section 2.3.3  , page 7).  A thread is a group of messages which
       all relate to the same subject.  This is usually organized into a tree-like
       structure where a message and all of its replies are represented graphically.
       If you've ever used a threaded news client, this is the same concept.  It makes
       dealing with large volume mailing lists easier because you can easily delete
       uninteresting threads and quickly find topics of value.

       _\b4_\b._\b1_\b0  _\bE_\bd_\bi_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bt_\bh_\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bs

       Mutt has the ability to dynamically restructure threads that are broken either
       by misconfigured software or bad behavior from some correspondents. This allows
       to clean your mailboxes formats) from these annoyances which make it hard to
       follow a discussion.

       _\b4_\b._\b1_\b0_\b._\b1  _\bL_\bi_\bn_\bk_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bt_\bh_\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bs

       Some mailers tend to "forget" to correctly set the "In-Reply-To:" and "Refer-
       ences:" headers when replying to a message. This results in broken discussions
       because Mutt has not enough information to guess the correct threading.  You
       can fix this by tagging the reply, then moving to the parent message and using
       the ``link-threads'' function (bound to & by default). The reply will then be
       connected to this "parent" message.

       You can also connect multiple children at once, tagging them and using the tag-
       prefix command (';') or the auto_tag option.

       _\b4_\b._\b1_\b0_\b._\b2  _\bB_\br_\be_\ba_\bk_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bt_\bh_\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bs

       On mailing lists, some people are in the bad habit of starting a new discussion
       by hitting "reply" to any message from the list and changing the subject to a
       totally unrelated one.  You can fix such threads by using the ``break-thread''
       function (bound by default to #), which will turn the subthread starting from
       the current message into a whole different thread.

       _\b4_\b._\b1_\b1  _\bD_\be_\bl_\bi_\bv_\be_\br_\by _\bS_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs _\bN_\bo_\bt_\bi_\bf_\bi_\bc_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\b(_\bD_\bS_\bN_\b) _\bS_\bu_\bp_\bp_\bo_\br_\bt

       RFC1894 defines a set of MIME content types for relaying information about the
       status of electronic mail messages.  These can be thought of as ``return

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    47

       receipts.'' Berkeley sendmail 8.8.x currently has some command line options in
       which the mail client can make requests as to what type of status messages
       should be returned.

       To support this, there are two variables. _\b$_\bd_\bs_\bn_\b__\bn_\bo_\bt_\bi_\bf_\by (section 6.3.53  , page
       76) is used to request receipts for different results (such as failed message,
       message delivered, etc.).  _\b$_\bd_\bs_\bn_\b__\br_\be_\bt_\bu_\br_\bn (section 6.3.54  , page 77) requests how
       much of your message should be returned with the receipt (headers or full mes-
       sage).  Refer to the man page on sendmail for more details on DSN.

       _\b4_\b._\b1_\b2  _\bP_\bO_\bP_\b3 _\bS_\bu_\bp_\bp_\bo_\br_\bt _\b(_\bO_\bP_\bT_\bI_\bO_\bN_\bA_\bL_\b)

       If Mutt was compiled with POP3 support (by running the _\bc_\bo_\bn_\bf_\bi_\bg_\bu_\br_\be script with
       the _\b-_\b-_\be_\bn_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be_\b-_\bp_\bo_\bp flag), it has the ability to work with mailboxes located on a
       remote POP3 server and fetch mail for local browsing.

       You can access the remote POP3 mailbox by selecting the folder
       pop://popserver/.

       You can select an alternative port by specifying it with the server, i.e.:
       pop://popserver:port/.

       You can also specify different username for each folder, i.e.: pop://user-
       name@popserver[:port]/.

       Polling for new mail is more expensive over POP3 than locally. For this reason
       the frequency at which Mutt will check for mail remotely can be controlled by
       the _\b$_\bp_\bo_\bp_\b__\bc_\bh_\be_\bc_\bk_\bi_\bn_\bt_\be_\br_\bv_\ba_\bl (section 6.3.197  , page 113) variable, which defaults
       to every 60 seconds.

       If Mutt was compiled with SSL support (by running the _\bc_\bo_\bn_\bf_\bi_\bg_\bu_\br_\be script with the
       _\b-_\b-_\bw_\bi_\bt_\bh_\b-_\bs_\bs_\bl flag), connections to POP3 servers can be encrypted. This naturally
       requires that the server supports SSL encrypted connections. To access a folder
       with POP3/SSL, you should use pops: prefix, ie: pops://[user-
       name@]popserver[:port]/.

       Another way to access your POP3 mail is the _\bf_\be_\bt_\bc_\bh_\b-_\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl function (default: G).
       It allows to connect to _\bp_\bo_\bp_\b__\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt (section 6.3.199  , page 113), fetch all your
       new mail and place it in the local _\bs_\bp_\bo_\bo_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be (section 6.3.291  , page 135).
       After this point, Mutt runs exactly as if the mail had always been local.

       N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: If you only need to fetch all messages to local mailbox you should con-
       sider using a specialized program, such as fetchmail

       _\b4_\b._\b1_\b3  _\bI_\bM_\bA_\bP _\bS_\bu_\bp_\bp_\bo_\br_\bt _\b(_\bO_\bP_\bT_\bI_\bO_\bN_\bA_\bL_\b)

       If Mutt was compiled with IMAP support (by running the _\bc_\bo_\bn_\bf_\bi_\bg_\bu_\br_\be script with
       the _\b-_\b-_\be_\bn_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be_\b-_\bi_\bm_\ba_\bp flag), it has the ability to work with folders located on a
       remote IMAP server.

       You can access the remote inbox by selecting the folder
       imap://imapserver/INBOX, where imapserver is the name of the IMAP server and
       INBOX is the special name for your spool mailbox on the IMAP server. If you
       want to access another mail folder at the IMAP server, you should use

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    48

       imap://imapserver/path/to/folder where path/to/folder is the path of the folder
       you want to access.

       You can select an alternative port by specifying it with the server, i.e.:
       imap://imapserver:port/INBOX.

       You can also specify different username for each folder, i.e.: imap://user-
       name@imapserver[:port]/INBOX.

       If Mutt was compiled with SSL support (by running the _\bc_\bo_\bn_\bf_\bi_\bg_\bu_\br_\be script with the
       _\b-_\b-_\bw_\bi_\bt_\bh_\b-_\bs_\bs_\bl flag), connections to IMAP servers can be encrypted. This naturally
       requires that the server supports SSL encrypted connections. To access a folder
       with IMAP/SSL, you should use imaps://[user-
       name@]imapserver[:port]/path/to/folder as your folder path.

       Pine-compatible notation is also supported, i.e.  {[user-
       name@]imapserver[:port][/ssl]}path/to/folder

       Note that not all servers use / as the hierarchy separator.  Mutt should cor-
       rectly notice which separator is being used by the server and convert paths
       accordingly.

       When browsing folders on an IMAP server, you can toggle whether to look at only
       the folders you are subscribed to, or all folders with the _\bt_\bo_\bg_\bg_\bl_\be_\b-_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bb_\be_\bd
       command.  See also the _\b$_\bi_\bm_\ba_\bp_\b__\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b__\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bb_\be_\bd (section 6.3.100  , page 88) vari-
       able.

       Polling for new mail on an IMAP server can cause noticeable delays. So, you'll
       want to carefully tune the _\b$_\bi_\bm_\ba_\bp_\b__\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\b__\bc_\bh_\be_\bc_\bk (section 6.3.101  , page 88) and
       _\b$_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt (section 6.3.311  , page 141) variables.

       Note that if you are using mbox as the mail store on UW servers prior to
       v12.250, the server has been reported to disconnect a client if another client
       selects the same folder.

       _\b4_\b._\b1_\b3_\b._\b1  _\bT_\bh_\be _\bF_\bo_\bl_\bd_\be_\br _\bB_\br_\bo_\bw_\bs_\be_\br

       As of version 1.2, mutt supports browsing mailboxes on an IMAP server. This is
       mostly the same as the local file browser, with the following differences:

          +\bo Instead of file permissions, mutt displays the string "IMAP", possibly
            followed by the symbol "+", indicating that the entry contains both mes-
            sages and subfolders. On Cyrus-like servers folders will often contain
            both messages and subfolders.

          +\bo For the case where an entry can contain both messages and subfolders, the
            selection key (bound to enter by default) will choose to descend into the
            subfolder view. If you wish to view the messages in that folder, you must
            use view-file instead (bound to space by default).

          +\bo You can create, delete and rename mailboxes with the create-mailbox,
            delete-mailbox, and rename-mailbox commands (default bindings: C, d and r,
            respectively). You may also subscribe and unsubscribe to mailboxes (nor-
            mally these are bound to s and u, respectively).

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    49

       _\b4_\b._\b1_\b3_\b._\b2  _\bA_\bu_\bt_\bh_\be_\bn_\bt_\bi_\bc_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn

       Mutt supports four authentication methods with IMAP servers: SASL, GSSAPI,
       CRAM-MD5, and LOGIN (there is a patch by Grant Edwards to add NTLM authentica-
       tion for you poor exchange users out there, but it has yet to be integrated
       into the main tree). There is also support for the pseudo-protocol ANONYMOUS,
       which allows you to log in to a public IMAP server without having an account.
       To use ANONYMOUS, simply make your username blank or "anonymous".

       SASL is a special super-authenticator, which selects among several protocols
       (including GSSAPI, CRAM-MD5, ANONYMOUS, and DIGEST-MD5) the most secure method
       available on your host and the server. Using some of these methods (including
       DIGEST-MD5 and possibly GSSAPI), your entire session will be encrypted and
       invisible to those teeming network snoops. It is the best option if you have
       it. To use it, you must have the Cyrus SASL library installed on your system
       and compile mutt with the _\b-_\b-_\bw_\bi_\bt_\bh_\b-_\bs_\ba_\bs_\bl flag.

       Mutt will try whichever methods are compiled in and available on the server, in
       the following order: SASL, ANONYMOUS, GSSAPI, CRAM-MD5, LOGIN.

       There are a few variables which control authentication:

          +\bo _\b$_\bi_\bm_\ba_\bp_\b__\bu_\bs_\be_\br (section 6.3.107  , page 90) - controls the username under
            which you request authentication on the IMAP server, for all authentica-
            tors. This is overridden by an explicit username in the mailbox path (i.e.
            by using a mailbox name of the form {user@host}).

          +\bo _\b$_\bi_\bm_\ba_\bp_\b__\bp_\ba_\bs_\bs (section 6.3.102  , page 88) - a password which you may preset,
            used by all authentication methods where a password is needed.

          +\bo _\b$_\bi_\bm_\ba_\bp_\b__\ba_\bu_\bt_\bh_\be_\bn_\bt_\bi_\bc_\ba_\bt_\bo_\br_\bs (section 6.3.94  , page 86) - a colon-delimited list
            of IMAP authentication methods to try, in the order you wish to try them.
            If specified, this overrides mutt's default (attempt everything, in the
            order listed above).

       _\b4_\b._\b1_\b4  _\bM_\ba_\bn_\ba_\bg_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bm_\bu_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bp_\bl_\be _\bI_\bM_\bA_\bP_\b/_\bP_\bO_\bP _\ba_\bc_\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt_\bs _\b(_\bO_\bP_\bT_\bI_\bO_\bN_\bA_\bL_\b)

       If you happen to have accounts on multiple IMAP and/or POP servers, you may
       find managing all the authentication settings inconvenient and error-prone.
       The account-hook command may help. This hook works like folder-hook but is
       invoked whenever you access a remote mailbox (including inside the folder
       browser), not just when you open the mailbox.

       Some examples:

            account-hook . 'unset imap_user; unset imap_pass; unset tunnel'
            account-hook imap://host1/ 'set imap_user=me1 imap_pass=foo'
            account-hook imap://host2/ 'set tunnel="ssh host2 /usr/libexec/imapd"'

       _\b4_\b._\b1_\b5  _\bS_\bt_\ba_\br_\bt _\ba _\bW_\bW_\bW _\bB_\br_\bo_\bw_\bs_\be_\br _\bo_\bn _\bU_\bR_\bL_\bs _\b(_\bE_\bX_\bT_\bE_\bR_\bN_\bA_\bL_\b)

       If a message contains URLs (_\bu_\bn_\bi_\bf_\bi_\be_\bd _\br_\be_\bs_\bo_\bu_\br_\bc_\be _\bl_\bo_\bc_\ba_\bt_\bo_\br = address in the WWW space

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    50

       like _\bh_\bt_\bt_\bp_\b:_\b/_\b/_\bw_\bw_\bw_\b._\bm_\bu_\bt_\bt_\b._\bo_\br_\bg_\b/), it is efficient to get a menu with all the URLs and
       start a WWW browser on one of them.  This functionality is provided by the
       external urlview program which can be retrieved at ftp://ftp.mutt.org/mutt/con-
       trib/ and the configuration commands:

            macro index \cb |urlview\n
            macro pager \cb |urlview\n

       _\b4_\b._\b1_\b6  _\bC_\bo_\bm_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\be_\bd _\bf_\bo_\bl_\bd_\be_\br_\bs _\bS_\bu_\bp_\bp_\bo_\br_\bt _\b(_\bO_\bP_\bT_\bI_\bO_\bN_\bA_\bL_\b)

       If Mutt was compiled with compressed folders support (by running the _\bc_\bo_\bn_\bf_\bi_\bg_\bu_\br_\be
       script with the _\b-_\b-_\be_\bn_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\be_\bd flag), Mutt can open folders stored in an
       arbitrary format, provided that the user has a script to convert from/to this
       format to one of the accepted.

       The most common use is to open compressed archived folders e.g. with gzip.

       In addition, the user can provide a script that gets a folder in an accepted
       format and appends its context to the folder in the user-defined format, which
       may be faster than converting the entire folder to the accepted format, append-
       ing to it and converting back to the user-defined format.

       There are three hooks defined (_\bo_\bp_\be_\bn_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 4.16.1  , page 50), _\bc_\bl_\bo_\bs_\be_\b-
       _\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 4.16.2  , page 51) and _\ba_\bp_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 4.16.3  , page 51))
       which define commands to uncompress and compress a folder and to append mes-
       sages to an existing compressed folder respectively.

       For example:

            open-hook \\.gz$ "gzip -cd %f > %t"
            close-hook \\.gz$ "gzip -c %t > %f"
            append-hook \\.gz$ "gzip -c %t >> %f"

       You do not have to specify all of the commands. If you omit _\ba_\bp_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (sec-
       tion 4.16.3  , page 51), the folder will be open and closed again each time you
       will add to it. If you omit _\bc_\bl_\bo_\bs_\be_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 4.16.2  , page 51) (or give
       empty command) , the folder will be open in the  mode. If you specify _\ba_\bp_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd_\b-
       _\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 4.16.3  , page 51) though you'll be able to append to the folder.

       Note that Mutt will only try to use hooks if the file is not in one of the
       accepted formats. In particular, if the file is empty, mutt supposes it is not
       compressed. This is important because it allows the use of programs that do not
       have well defined extensions. Just use '.' as a regexp. But this may be sur-
       prising if your compressing script produces empty files. In this situation,
       unset _\b$_\bs_\ba_\bv_\be_\b__\be_\bm_\bp_\bt_\by (section 6.3.233  , page 121), so that the compressed file
       will be removed if you delete all of the messages.

       _\b4_\b._\b1_\b6_\b._\b1  _\bO_\bp_\be_\bn _\ba _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\be_\bd _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bb_\bo_\bx _\bf_\bo_\br _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bi_\bn_\bg

       Usage: open-hook _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp '_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd'

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    51

       The _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is the command that can be used for opening the folders whose names
       match _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp.

       The _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd string is the printf-like format string, and it should accept two
       parameters: %f, which is replaced with the (compressed) folder name, and %t
       which is replaced with the name of the temporary folder to which to write.

       %f and %t can be repeated any number of times in the command string, and all of
       the entries are replaced with the appropriate folder name. In addition, %% is
       replaced by %, as in printf, and any other %anything is left as is.

       The _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd should n\bno\bot\bt remove the original compressed file.  The _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd should
       return non-zero exit status if it fails, so mutt knows something's wrong.

       Example:

            open-hook \\.gz$ "gzip -cd %f > %t"

       If the _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is empty, this operation is disabled for this file type.

       _\b4_\b._\b1_\b6_\b._\b2  _\bW_\br_\bi_\bt_\be _\ba _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\be_\bd _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bb_\bo_\bx

       Usage: close-hook _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp '_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd'

       This is used to close the folder that was open with the _\bo_\bp_\be_\bn_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section
       4.16.1  , page 50) command after some changes were made to it.

       The _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd string is the command that can be used for closing the folders
       whose names match _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp. It has the same format as in the _\bo_\bp_\be_\bn_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section
       4.16.1  , page 50) command. Temporary folder in this case is the folder previ-
       ously produced by the <_\bo_\bp_\be_\bn_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 4.16.1  , page 50) command.

       The _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd should n\bno\bot\bt remove the decompressed file. The _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd should return
       non-zero exit status if it fails, so mutt knows something's wrong.

       Example:

            close-hook \\.gz$ "gzip -c %t > %f"

       If the _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is empty, this operation is disabled for this file type, and the
       file can only be open in the readonly mode.

       _\bc_\bl_\bo_\bs_\be_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 4.16.2  , page 51) is not called when you exit from the
       folder if the folder was not changed.

       _\b4_\b._\b1_\b6_\b._\b3  _\bA_\bp_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd _\ba _\bm_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be _\bt_\bo _\ba _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\br_\be_\bs_\bs_\be_\bd _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bb_\bo_\bx

       Usage: append-hook _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp '_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd'

       This command is used for saving to an existing compressed folder.  The _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    52

       is the command that can be used for appending to the folders whose names match
       _\br_\be_\bg_\be_\bx_\bp. It has the same format as in the _\bo_\bp_\be_\bn_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 4.16.1  , page 50)
       command.  The temporary folder in this case contains the messages that are
       being appended.

       The _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd should n\bno\bot\bt remove the decompressed file. The _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd should return
       non-zero exit status if it fails, so mutt knows something's wrong.

       Example:

            append-hook \\.gz$ "gzip -c %t >> %f"

       When _\ba_\bp_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 4.16.3  , page 51) is used, the folder is not opened,
       which saves time, but this means that we can not find out what the folder type
       is. Thus the default (_\b$_\bm_\bb_\bo_\bx_\b__\bt_\by_\bp_\be (section 6.3.128  , page 96)) type is always
       supposed (i.e.  this is the format used for the temporary folder).

       If the file does not exist when you save to it, _\bc_\bl_\bo_\bs_\be_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 4.16.2  ,
       page 51) is called, and not _\ba_\bp_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 4.16.3  , page 51). _\ba_\bp_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd_\b-
       _\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 4.16.3  , page 51) is only for appending to existing folders.

       If the _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is empty, this operation is disabled for this file type. In this
       case, the folder will be open and closed again (using _\bo_\bp_\be_\bn_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section
       4.16.1  , page 50) and _\bc_\bl_\bo_\bs_\be_\b-_\bh_\bo_\bo_\bk (section 4.16.2  , page 51)respectively) each
       time you will add to it.

       _\b4_\b._\b1_\b6_\b._\b4  _\bE_\bn_\bc_\br_\by_\bp_\bt_\be_\bd _\bf_\bo_\bl_\bd_\be_\br_\bs

       The compressed folders support can also be used to handle encrypted folders. If
       you want to encrypt a folder with PGP, you may want to use the following hooks:

            open-hook  \\.pgp$ "pgp -f < %f > %t"
            close-hook \\.pgp$ "pgp -fe YourPgpUserIdOrKeyId < %t > %f"

       Please note, that PGP does not support appending to an encrypted folder, so
       there is no append-hook defined.

       N\bNo\bot\bte\be:\b: the folder is temporary stored decrypted in the /tmp directory, where it
       can be read by your system administrator. So think about the security aspects
       of this.

       _\b5_\b.  _\bM_\bu_\bt_\bt_\b'_\bs _\bM_\bI_\bM_\bE _\bS_\bu_\bp_\bp_\bo_\br_\bt

       Quite a bit of effort has been made to make Mutt the premier text-mode MIME
       MUA.  Every effort has been made to provide the functionality that the discern-
       ing MIME user requires, and the conformance to the standards wherever possible.
       When configuring Mutt for MIME, there are two extra types of configuration
       files which Mutt uses.  One is the mime.types file, which contains the mapping
       of file extensions to IANA MIME types.  The other is the mailcap file, which

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    53

       specifies the external commands to use for handling specific MIME types.

       _\b5_\b._\b1  _\bU_\bs_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bM_\bI_\bM_\bE _\bi_\bn _\bM_\bu_\bt_\bt

       There are three areas/menus in Mutt which deal with MIME, they are the pager
       (while viewing a message), the attachment menu and the compose menu.

       _\b5_\b._\b1_\b._\b1  _\bV_\bi_\be_\bw_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bM_\bI_\bM_\bE _\bm_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be_\bs _\bi_\bn _\bt_\bh_\be _\bp_\ba_\bg_\be_\br

       When you select a message from the index and view it in the pager, Mutt decodes
       the message to a text representation.  Mutt internally supports a number of
       MIME types, including text/plain, text/enriched, message/rfc822, and mes-
       sage/news.  In addition, the export controlled version of Mutt recognizes a
       variety of PGP MIME types, including PGP/MIME and application/pgp.

       Mutt will denote attachments with a couple lines describing them.  These lines
       are of the form:

            [-- Attachment #1: Description --]
            [-- Type: text/plain, Encoding: 7bit, Size: 10000 --]

       Where the Description is the description or filename given for the attachment,
       and the Encoding is one of 7bit/8bit/quoted-printable/base64/binary.

       If Mutt cannot deal with a MIME type, it will display a message like:

            [-- image/gif is unsupported (use 'v' to view this part) --]

       _\b5_\b._\b1_\b._\b2  _\bT_\bh_\be _\bA_\bt_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt _\bM_\be_\bn_\bu

       The default binding for view-attachments is `v', which displays the attachment
       menu for a message.  The attachment menu displays a list of the attachments in
       a message.  From the attachment menu, you can save, print, pipe, delete, and
       view attachments.  You can apply these operations to a group of attachments at
       once, by tagging the attachments and by using the ``tag-prefix'' operator.  You
       can also reply to the current message from this menu, and only the current
       attachment (or the attachments tagged) will be quoted in your reply.  You can
       view attachments as text, or view them using the mailcap viewer definition.

       Finally, you can apply the usual message-related functions (like _\br_\be_\bs_\be_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bm_\be_\bs_\bs_\ba_\bg_\be
       (section 2.3.4  , page 9), and the reply and forward functions) to attachments
       of type message/rfc822.

       See the help on the attachment menu for more information.

       _\b5_\b._\b1_\b._\b3  _\bT_\bh_\be _\bC_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bs_\be _\bM_\be_\bn_\bu

       The compose menu is the menu you see before you send a message.  It allows you
       to edit the recipient list, the subject, and other aspects of your message.  It
       also contains a list of the attachments of your message, including the main
       body.  From this menu, you can print, copy, filter, pipe, edit, compose,
       review, and rename an attachment or a list of tagged attachments.  You can also

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    54

       modifying the attachment information, notably the type, encoding and descrip-
       tion.

       Attachments appear as follows:

            -   1 [text/plain, 7bit, 1K]             /tmp/mutt-euler-8082-0 <no description>
                2 [applica/x-gunzip, base64, 422K]   ~/src/mutt-0.85.tar.gz <no description>

       The '-' denotes that Mutt will delete the file after sending (or postponing, or
       canceling) the message.  It can be toggled with the toggle-unlink command
       (default: u).  The next field is the MIME content-type, and can be changed with
       the edit-type command (default: ^T).  The next field is the encoding for the
       attachment, which allows a binary message to be encoded for transmission on
       7bit links.  It can be changed with the edit-encoding command (default: ^E).
       The next field is the size of the attachment, rounded to kilobytes or
       megabytes.  The next field is the filename, which can be changed with the
       rename-file command (default: R).  The final field is the description of the
       attachment, and can be changed with the edit-description command (default: d).

       _\b5_\b._\b2  _\bM_\bI_\bM_\bE _\bT_\by_\bp_\be _\bc_\bo_\bn_\bf_\bi_\bg_\bu_\br_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bw_\bi_\bt_\bh _\bm_\bi_\bm_\be_\b._\bt_\by_\bp_\be_\bs

       When you add an attachment to your mail message, Mutt searches your personal
       mime.types file at ${HOME}/.mime.types, and then the system mime.types file at
       /usr/local/share/mutt/mime.types or /etc/mime.types

       The mime.types file consist of lines containing a MIME type and a space sepa-
       rated list of extensions.  For example:

            application/postscript          ps eps
            application/pgp                 pgp
            audio/x-aiff                    aif aifc aiff

       A sample mime.types file comes with the Mutt distribution, and should contain
       most of the MIME types you are likely to use.

       If Mutt can not determine the mime type by the extension of the file you
       attach, it will look at the file.  If the file is free of binary information,
       Mutt will assume that the file is plain text, and mark it as text/plain.  If
       the file contains binary information, then Mutt will mark it as applica-
       tion/octet-stream.  You can change the MIME type that Mutt assigns to an
       attachment by using the edit-type command from the compose menu (default: ^T).
       The MIME type is actually a major mime type followed by the sub-type, separated
       by a '/'. 6 major types: application, text, image, video, audio, and model have
       been approved after various internet discussions. Mutt recognises all of these
       if the appropriate entry is found in the mime.types file. It also recognises
       other major mime types, such as the chemical type that is widely used in the
       molecular modelling community to pass molecular data in various forms to vari-
       ous molecular viewers. Non-recognised mime types should only be used if the
       recipient of the message is likely to be expecting such attachments.

       _\b5_\b._\b3  _\bM_\bI_\bM_\bE _\bV_\bi_\be_\bw_\be_\br _\bc_\bo_\bn_\bf_\bi_\bg_\bu_\br_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bw_\bi_\bt_\bh _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bc_\ba_\bp

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    55

       Mutt supports RFC 1524 MIME Configuration, in particular the Unix specific for-
       mat specified in Appendix A of RFC 1524.  This file format is commonly referred
       to as the mailcap format.  Many MIME compliant programs utilize the mailcap
       format, allowing you to specify handling for all MIME types in one place for
       all programs.  Programs known to use this format include Netscape, XMosaic,
       lynx and metamail.

       In order to handle various MIME types that Mutt can not handle internally, Mutt
       parses a series of external configuration files to find an external handler.
       The default search string for these files is a colon delimited list set to

            ${HOME}/.mailcap:/usr/local/share/mutt/mailcap:/etc/mailcap:/etc/mailcap:/usr/etc/mailcap:/usr/local/etc/mailcap

       where $HOME is your home directory.

       In particular, the metamail distribution will install a mailcap file, usually
       as /usr/local/etc/mailcap, which contains some baseline entries.

       _\b5_\b._\b3_\b._\b1  _\bT_\bh_\be _\bB_\ba_\bs_\bi_\bc_\bs _\bo_\bf _\bt_\bh_\be _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bc_\ba_\bp _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be

       A mailcap file consists of a series of lines which are comments, blank, or def-
       initions.

       A comment line consists of a # character followed by anything you want.

       A blank line is blank.

       A definition line consists of a content type, a view command, and any number of
       optional fields.  Each field of a definition line is divided by a semicolon ';'
       character.

       The content type is specified in the MIME standard type/subtype method.  For
       example, text/plain, text/html, image/gif, etc.  In addition, the mailcap for-
       mat includes two formats for wildcards, one using the special '*' subtype, the
       other is the implicit wild, where you only include the major type.  For exam-
       ple, image/*, or video, will match all image types and video types, respec-
       tively.

       The view command is a Unix command for viewing the type specified. There are
       two different types of commands supported. The default is to send the body of
       the MIME message to the command on stdin. You can change this behavior by using
       %s as a parameter to your view command.  This will cause Mutt to save the body
       of the MIME message to a temporary file, and then call the view command with
       the %s replaced by the name of the temporary file. In both cases, Mutt will
       turn over the terminal to the view program until the program quits, at which
       time Mutt will remove the temporary file if it exists.

       So, in the simplest form, you can send a text/plain message to the external
       pager more on stdin:

            text/plain; more

       The Mutt-ng E-Mail Client                                                    56

       Or, you could send the message as a file:

            text/plain; more %s

       Perhaps you would like to use lynx to interactively view a text/html message: